Chongzhen Undergraduates

Zhu Youjian wanted to extend the official selection model created by himself to all provinces for implementation.This makes both the national exam and the provincial exam useful exams, not just like in this era, the provincial exam is just a vassal of the national exam.

"Then, the treatment of students admitted by each province?" Huang Zongxi tried to ask Zhu Youjian.

This is a sensitive topic. Generally, those who are admitted after the provincial examination are candidates, and candidates can be exempted from tax.Zhu Youjian had previously ordered the cancellation of the monthly interest for Juzi, so is this so-called Little Enke considered Jinshi or still Juren?

"Count it as an "undergraduate student". It means that the current imperial examination students are admitted by Enke University."

It is not easy to get a Jinshi, and only a few hundred people are admitted in three years. If you use Jinshi as an undergraduate, it is obviously belittled.

Zhu Youjian believes that the actual ability of the scholar's learning is roughly equivalent to the high school graduation of later generations.It's just that in this era, literature is more important than science, and tens of thousands of people crowd the single-plank bridge, which makes the scholar's examination more difficult.

In the same way, Juzi is just equivalent to an ordinary junior college, which is a little bit closer to a bachelor's degree.Between Juren and Jinshi, there should be a major student.

Since Jinshi was selected last year, those selected from among the unsuccessful candidates are considered undergraduates.

"Undergraduate students can be officials, but they are not recruited by Enke, and their official positions are below Jinshi, so they should abide by the system of educating sons."

Undergraduate students should not enjoy greater preferential treatment. At best, they are a little higher than junior college students. In terms of academic qualifications, they should be similar to junior college students.

Chapter 263: Southern Arms Group (technical text)

The "Little Enke" exam was scheduled for early June, which was basically the same time as the graduation exams for later generations. This was still a boon for scholars, and naturally it did not attract too many objections.

Zhu Youjian's reforms to Ming Dynasty, especially in education, were cautious every time, and he always took advantage of favorable methods to advance gradually, and did not dare to make big strides.Because the current Jiangnan, Donglin's family dominates, he has no way to support other parties.

The so-called emperor played the art of balancing the government. People who hold this kind of thinking probably watched too many costume dramas such as "Kangxi Dynasty".The government before the Ming Dynasty was a precedent that the party balance technique was overplayed and messed up.

Political struggle itself is not something that can be summed up in a sentence of "imperial balance".Wanting to use one faction to contain the other faction is dancing on two blades.If the ancients were all fools, there are very few emperors who really play this kind of skill well.

If you play well, you will encourage each other, if you do not play well, it will be internal friction.Here comes the partisanship!

In March of this year, the Weapons Bureau was officially abolished and changed to the "Southern Weapons Group".Among them, the shareholding reform has not yet been carried out, and it cannot be called a joint stock group, and the company system has not been introduced.It can only be regarded as a complete state-owned enterprise.

Weapons Group is directly under the dual leadership of the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of War. The Ministry of Industry sends people to manage it, and the Ministry of War sends people to supervise its construction.Gao Xing is the head of the General Logistics Department, and she directly leads the weapons group.

There are more than 300 large and small factories and workshops under it, which refines the entire manufacturing process and goes further towards specialization.

Standing by the river, Zhu Youjian looked at the construction sites lined up next to the newly built official road from Taiping Mansion to Nanjing with deep emotion.Imagine what it will look like after it is built, and finally there is a little sign of industrialization.

The current equipment of the Ming army is very complicated. There are as many as a dozen types of light weapons alone, which is completely a test for production and logistics.

New weapon manufacturing needs to simplify some equipment, such as the integration of swords and swords.In fact, the army is not suitable for equipped with swords, and the increase in steel production on Song Yingxing's side has changed the specifications of the original sabers, at least in terms of weight.

How many people are there who can cut off the opponent's steel sword with a single sword?Therefore, the Ming army does not need large-scale equipment for steelmaking, but should be equipped with ordinary steel knives.The quality and output of Houjin's steelmaking cannot be compared with Taipingfu, so the steel swords of the Ming army will not lag behind the Tartar soldiers.

At the same time as the construction of the factory, the research and development of new weapons will be prepared.Fortunately, most of the research and development is just the improvement of old weapons to suit the new production method.The progress of this kind of research and development is very fast, and it will only temporarily affect production.

As the research and development of core weapons, it was a project that the Institute of Technology had secretly started long ago, such as flintlock guns, artillery, and rockets.

Daming did not have a talent like Nobel, so it was basically impossible to make a breakthrough in chemistry in a short period of time.Zhu Youjian can only break through smelting and machining.As some explosive technologies in the firearms era, Zhu Youjian can only complete the basic three-acid and two-alkali, as well as simple technical principles such as thunder mercury and nitrocellulose.Moreover, these things are still in the laboratory and have not completed the experimental stage.

Therefore, the research and development of new weapons in the Ming Dynasty still required small steps. Starting from the flintlock gun, it could not be improved to the level of the percussion gun all at once.In other words, compared with Houjin, these equipments are only a small step up, and there is no generational difference.

If you have to say that the flintlock is a generation higher than the matchlock, that's right.It's just that Zhu Youjian believes that as long as the flintlock gun appears on the battlefield, Hou Jin will learn it immediately. This technique is not difficult.

"Your Majesty, your request for a [-]-step increase in the range of the new firecracker has been met. The current test results show that the range has been increased by [-] steps, and the effective range has been increased by [-] steps." Fang Yizhi and Bi Xiangdong accompanied Zhu You Check it out.

Zhu Youjian came this time mainly to inspect the arsenal.He needs to have a basic understanding of the transformation of the first achievements of the Institute of Technology.

"It's okay to fight infantry, but it's not enough to fight cavalry." Bi Xiangdong blushed when he heard this, a little ashamed.

Zhu Youjian thought about it for a while. With the technology of clearing the barrel of the gun, it is inevitable to increase the range by fifty steps.However, there is still no breakthrough in the processing of rifling, and the technology is still immature, and it only stays in the experimental stage.And there is no suitable ammunition for rifled ones either.

The range of ordinary arquebus guns can reach 200 meters, but the effective range is between fifty and 100 meters.A rifled flintlock increases the effective range to between 80 and 150 meters.

The range of the front-loading musket is generally 200 meters, and the effective range is only 80 meters.This means that there are only 18 seconds to fire from the time the cavalry enters the range, and only 7 seconds from the time the cavalry enters the effective range, while the musket can only fire once every 30 seconds, and at most once before the cavalry arrives.Even with the 3-stage attack tactic, you can only shoot 3 times.

The early flintlock guns with rifling have a much lower rate of fire than smoothbore guns. The key is that the problem of bullets is not easy to solve, and Zhu Youjian can't play Minnie bullets yet.

On the other hand, Zhu Youjian can't bet that the Tartar soldiers only play dragoons, and dare not fight desperately on the battlefield.In fact, the Tartars are a desperate army. If the opponent's generals really come to attack with cavalry, can they use the current flintlock guns to fight in the field?

The charge speed of elite cavalry can reach at least about 40 km/h, or 11.1 m/s.The cavalry can throw bows and arrows at 70 meters to pose a threat to the musketeers, disrupting the opponent's 3-stage attack, and it is likely that the infantry will shoot one less time (replenishment after hitting the arrow takes time).Immediately after that, change to spears or sabers. The melee ability of the first few rows of spear cavalry is no less than that of the infantry's bayonet.

To sum it up in one sentence: Don't treat your opponent as a fool!

"Where are your other advantages?" Zhu Youjian knew very well in his heart that as long as the core technology does not make a breakthrough, it is impossible to have an absolute advantage.

"Under the condition that the quality can be guaranteed, large-scale and rapid production can produce [-] new-style firecrackers a month." The production manager stood up and said.

In this day and age, this is already a very exaggerated output.In terms of production capacity, there is still the possibility of unlimited expansion.After all, the technology of mass-producing gun barrels is no longer a problem when there is a steam engine, and there is no need to rely on blacksmiths to beat them.

Zhu Youjian does not want to continue to expand this production capacity. The current flintlock guns are far from meeting the technical requirements, and can only equip a part of the army at most.

The production of artillery is not here, but in another place, which is said separately.

The establishment of the new factory this time also changed the military uniforms of the Ming army.A large number of travel articles have introduced that European plate armor is better than Eastern scale armor in terms of protection, and there is no technical problem.

For such mature and good things, of course, they should be used immediately.After getting a pair of plate armor from Macau, the Ming army directly began to imitate and improve it to meet the needs of large-scale equipment.Zhu Youjian's opinion is to abandon all flashy decorations, only pay attention to practicality, and reduce the production process.

Under this guiding ideology, the production of plate armor is like the production of iron scoops, one pile per minute.

Of course, the arsenal not only produces weapons, but also produces military uniforms, military supplies and other products.Therefore, its scale has reached hundreds of factories, and it is not an exaggeration to count it as a group company.This is also the first large-scale enterprise that appeared in Ming Dynasty.

"The military products produced will be sent to Shizhu first to ensure the equipment needs of the Sichuan army." Now that the Sichuan army is Zhu Youjian's heart and soul, it is not uncommon to get the equipment first.

"Do you want Da Pao to send a batch?" Zuo Maodi asked.

There are simply too many types of firearms that the Ming army has been equipped with.Franji, Hu Zun Pao, Bird Gun, Three-eyed Gun, Fire Brick, Yiwofeng, Landmine, Thousand-mile Cannon, Sharp Gun and so on.There are more than a hundred kinds of titles alone.

Qi Jiguang once commented on these firearms. If you are interested, you can check them out, but the comments are not high anyway.For example, the so-called three-eyed blunderbuss.Qi Jiguang said: "When encountering enemies in the north, there is only one kind of three-eyed gun, which is held by a person. Hit the enemy. But the lead doesn't know how to fit the mouth. It doesn't have anything, and it can't be installed. It's just a useless weapon. Therefore, although the enemy is afraid of fire, the fire equipment is not enough to attack the enemy. It just hesitates to see the enemy (smoke to scare people? ) and the handle is short and heavy, if you want to hold a weapon at the same time, you can’t bear both, and if you only hold this weapon, you will have nothing to rely on close to you.” (After firing the cannon, you will be slaughtered)

Chapter 264: Riding an Army

In the area of ​​Lukou in later generations, there was a large Huangzhuang. Based on Huangzhuang's loyalty, Zhu Youjian expanded the surrounding area for [-] miles, and it became the horse farm of Daming.

After more than a year of planting and maintenance, there are patches of alfalfa, rows of stables and connected military camps everywhere.The First Army of the Ming Dynasty Cavalry has two cavalry divisions and one reserve division. Each cavalry brigade has [-] cavalry and [-] auxiliary personnel.

Here, it is true that each soldier has a war horse, and the soldier and his corresponding war horse need to live together at any time.The cavalry was treated very well, and only two soldiers lived in each barracks, and behind the barracks were the stables of their respective horses.

When the cavalry is resting, the horses will still be taken care of by special personnel, and almost all-day monitoring and management will be achieved.

There is no way, Daming is short of horses, each of these hard-won war horses is a treasure, and there is no room for mistakes.

Liu Liangzuo is now living a very healthy life, with fewer things to worry about, but his prestige has not decreased.At least in this area, he has a good prestige.

"Trumpeter, blow the rallying horn." Liu Liangzuo stood on the second-floor building majestically and shouted, wearing high riding boots, a riding whip, a shiny helmet, and a new blue-gray cavalry combat uniform.

After a burst of urgent assembly calls, the soldiers of each battalion quickly ran out of the barracks and came to the stables opposite the barracks.After a while, the cavalry of each battalion gathered quickly, slowly gathered together, and lined up neatly in a field.