Harry Potter Morning Light

Tinder boxes became popular in the 18th century. There is a flint box and an iron block on one side, and a match and old linen on the other side. When the flint and iron block collide to catch fire, the old linen catches fire, the match is ignited, and then candles and others are lit. The thing that needs to be lit, the lid on the other side of the box is used to extinguish the flame on the old cloth.

This process was quite troublesome, but the matches at that time were sulfur matches, which could not be set with one click like the later phosphorus matches.

But the process of making this kind of match is very simple, peddlers can make it at home, use a hatchet to split cheap wood into small strips, and then heat a penny of sulfur on the fire to become a liquid, dip the match in it for a while used.

However, open flames are very common on the streets of London, whether it is street lamps (you can use paper to start fires from whale oil lamps), or homeless people warming up on the side of the road, and even someone can ask someone to borrow a fire when someone is shining shoes, so Matches are not necessary.

The matches peddlers were usually children, not necessarily girls, but boys too, and when they got older, the boys started running errands. The station wharf is full of boys waiting to carry luggage for disembarked passengers, and street peddling is also an important job for the boys. Six o'clock in the morning is the time for the last mail car to leave the post office. Before that, the newsboys must stay there to exchange newspapers that their employers don't need.

The most convenient thing about living in the capital is the fast news. Many people don’t have the hobby of hoarding newspapers. After reading them, they exchange them for newspaper boys. The negotiating skills of the newspaperman and the newsboy. The newsboy takes the finished newspaper and sends it to the post office in the early morning of the next day. These post cars usually go to the countryside. The difference in the price is the profit of the newsboy and his employer.

There are boys who have no employer, work for themselves, and stand at the doors of offices, clubs, and especially taverns, selling various things. Or they join the Shoe Shining Society, which costs a penny to shine a pair of men's shoes and dust the trouser legs. The boys must honestly hand over their income, which is about a third of the total income. The most profitable locations, places like Regent Street. Usually the shoe shiners would smoke while reading the newspaper, but the newsboys and match boys would never let a customer stand there empty-handed anyway.

"Who wants today's paper? News! News, sir."

The Times costs sixpence to buy, £8 a year, and £1.6s to rent for a year. This is how Stanley described life in London to Georgiana, as he lived it as a child.

Life in Birmingham was a different matter. When Wedgwood learned of the auction of the Portland vase, the vase had already been sold. He could only borrow it from the owner of the vase, and the owner of the vase agreed. His request, followed by someone to bring it back from Etruria.

Wedgwood was closely associated with artists, but the three most "favored" artists were Diana Beauclaire, John Flaxman and Hackwood. Among them, Diana Beauclair, the eldest daughter of the second Duke of Marlborough, ended in an ignominious divorce from the long-time infidelity Lord Bolingbroke, and she relied on painting to make money. Charles James Fox sent her words to Wedgwood, who raved about her talent and connections, and her designs featured children, mostly happy and innocent Dionysian boys.

And John Flaxman was at the other end of the class, he was born with a spinal deformity, a priest took pity on him, almost adopted him, and pulled him into the cultured, radical, nonconformist of Wedgwood in the circle.

Around the time Wedgwood got his letter back, Flaxman had just married, and he hoped to take his new wife on a trip to Rome. The Duke's daughter is also very interested in this job. Wedgwood also stayed in Etruria in 1777. Copying the classical style is not suitable for the current taste, and she also wants to try something other than boys. field, go to the capital of the Renaissance. The other Hardwood wasn't interested in the competition, even though he was fit and a man, best suited for long-distance travel.

Of course the Duke's daughter can play at her own expense, but that's not what she's fighting for.

In the end Wedgwood funded Flaxman to take his wife to Rome for a honeymoon and bring the Portland vase back to England.

Diana was gracious enough to let him have the opportunity.

Flaxman's style is elegant and simple, simple and elegant. It would have been a good thing to travel to Renaissance Italy while studying, but something happened to him on the way, and he collected a set of "medieval" chess pieces.

Harry and Ron would have recognized it as a wizard's chess set if they had seen it, except that the pieces were made of ivory, and Flaxman was almost obsessed with it. At that time, archaeology was already popular in Britain. Wedgwood also went to inspect Stonehenge himself, and he was also very interested in the set of chess pieces brought back by Flaxman.

Flaxman intends to copy a set, and Wedgwood intends to produce it in ceramics instead of silver and ivory, but even this will cost 5 guineas a set.

Georgiana's fondness for ivory chess did not escape Leon's observation. He gave her a Dieppe chess set, and after lunch they played chess while basking in the sun.

There is no Chuhe-Han boundary in western European chess, and it would be more interesting if it is Eastern chess. He can imagine that the "Chuhe-Han boundary" is the strait between Britain and the mainland, but she didn't deliberately induce him.

Those generals thought it was easy for Napoleon to achieve today's success, but they could easily do it instead.

They want to divide France into several parts and govern one by themselves. If Napoleon really agrees with them to do so, then France will have the risk of civil strife and division. These generals all lived a very luxurious life in Paris, but it is impossible to get rid of them now, because there will be a fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh siege of the Anti-French Coalition in the future.

The Guards were loyal to Napoleon, but many Guards in Rome participated in coups, not to mention that Siers was still in the Senate, and there were Jacobins.

Once Napoleon retreated, even the new first ruler elected by the people would not be able to subdue these people by writing poetry, nor would he be "weak as a woman". If Napoleon is Caesar, then his successor must be Octavian, if not...

England is also quite "lively" now. As John Adams said, a war can bring about internal unity, and the threat of France landing in the UK has eliminated internal divisions. Now that there is peace, internal conflicts have reappeared.

The British airport system originated from the tradition of common law. It can be traced back to the "Taixing system" (tything) when the Anglo-Saxons were in the Germanic tribes. One "Taixing", ten "Taixing" form a "hundred households", and several "hundred households" form a county. In a "Taixing" ten households, all free men between the ages of 12 and 60 will be the head of the household, and the heads of the ten households will take turns to act. If one of them makes mistakes, ten households will be implicated.

Household heads and household heads are responsible for patrolling at night, maintaining local law and order, and guarding against the intrusion of strangers and wanderers. Units are often divided by parishes. Later, with the expansion of urbanization, population migration and flow broke the original ten-household joint defense. In the continuous insurance system, some heads of households hire people to watch the night and arrest criminals instead of themselves.

This system was only implemented in London at the beginning, and later spread to cities like Birmingham that also have a large foreign population. Each diocese elects a constable, who does a lot of work and doesn't get paid, and acts like a vigilante. Being a sheriff is so expensive that some people would rather pay a fine than take on the job.

Although the night watchmen have a certain income, the head of the household who employs them also knows how to pick people. They are often the old and weak among the poor. First, it can reduce the burden on the diocese, and second, they can save money themselves, but these night watchmen basically cannot catch thieves. In order to improve the quality of law enforcement, the "Police Act" was enacted, which required the diocese to establish small cavalry to patrol in chaotic areas and deal with the Jacobins in Britain.

Since there was no professional police at the time, the suppression sometimes had to rely on the professional army. For soldiers, becoming a policeman after retirement is also a way out. The question is, didn't Birmingham riot because of this incident?

France adopts a centralized system. The salaries of the police are all paid by the government, but that little money is enough to fill the gap between the teeth. It is common for the police to go to the casino to extort money.

Fouché retired, his intelligence network was left to be divided up, and Georgiana bought some for 600,000 francs, though not herself.

She can't buy that much, even if she can afford the millions of francs, but will the French allow a British female spy to buy all the French underground intelligence network?

In fact, looking at it from another angle, William Pitt Jr.'s marriage proposal can be understood as a spy sent by him. This is the prime minister's plan, so she still has hope to return to the UK, and she can even be Aberdeen who is not interested in women. Countess's Lady.

At the same time Bonaparte can deceive others, he is using her to make the British neglect him, just like he did in Dijon the second time he crossed the Alps, and let a group of beggars and weaklings dress up as the main parade .

The disorder and rampant crime in the city urgently called for reform. Robert Peel the Elder believed that the "Factory Act" should be changed to strengthen the religious education of children. Robert Peel Jr. established Scotland Yard and became the first modern police force in England. But Robert Peel Jr. is still a student at Oxford University, and his father hasn't bought him a seat in Parliament yet.

The Factory Act is directly related to the core competitiveness of the British textile industry - high quality and low price. After France raised tariffs, British goods lost their price advantage, and they could not be 15% cheaper than French goods after the agreement was signed in 1786. up.

Factories in France are closed, workers are unemployed, and food prices are soaring. What the people want is not a handout, but a solution to the problem. Louis XVI did not solve it, but instead increased taxes, compensated the huge military expenditures of the War of Independence, and the excessive issuance of paper coupons. The Pope can order those priests who refuse to take the oath to take an oath to the Constitution. He can forgive them after the limelight passes "later" of.

Then the powder keg filled with gunpowder was ignited by a match.

In fact, the match can be extinguished, but it is a pity that Marie Antoinette's prestige is gone. She was framed for extravagance by the necklace incident and Madame Dubarry's rumors, and was finally given the title of "Queen of Deficit".

The necklace was ordered by Louis XV to be given to Madame Dubarry. As for the artist raised by Mrs. Dubarry, she didn't see anyone who took the same risk to save Teresa as Talian saved Teresa.

Georgiana rescued those poor engineers from a desperate life. One day she was in trouble, would they save her?

She doesn't know the answer either.

The only thing she can do is try not to be a "sleeping beauty" like Madame Dubarry. How could Madame Tussaud use her face as a model?

What's even more weird is that Madame Tussauds would actually collect the heads of those cut off on the guillotine to make death masks...

"It's your turn," Bonaparte reminded her. "What are you thinking?"

She smiled brightly at him and moved the chess piece.

He looked at the move and sneered, "Knight?"

"There are three more steps and I will be able to general." Georgiana said, "How are you going to drive my knight away?"

Bonaparte thought for a moment and moved the castle.

"Why not a bishop?" asked Georgiana.

"You'll know later." He pretended to be advanced and said, "Have you ever played Senet chess?"

She was a little dazed, the last time she played that kind of chess was in the Louvre, and it was Severus who played that kind of chess, and it was also the first time for him to play that kind of chess.

"Next time, let's make some chess pieces like that." Bonaparte said, "It's very simple. I'll teach you."