Harry Potter Morning Light

Wars often lead to huge deficits. The bills of exchange issued by the Italian banking group without physical transactions can be understood as banknotes issued to offset deficits, which only appear on the books.

The settlement time of a money order also varies. If a merchant cashes a money order issued by King Philip II of Spain that will be settled after six years, the bank will definitely ask him to charge a high discount rate. .

How high is the king's credit rating?

During the Hundred Years War between Britain and France, the kings of England and France owed a lot of money to bankers. As kings, bankers thought they could take advantage of various commercial and trade privileges obtained from the royal family to forcibly collect the debts of other debtors. In debt, this will cause some nobles to go bankrupt, and then run to the king's side to cry.

Of course, the king’s default will lead to his own credit bankruptcy, and the bankers who can’t get the money will go bankrupt directly. When the Black Death ravaged Europe, the bankruptcies of a large number of Italian banks led by Bardi and Peruzzi led to a series of dominoes Due to the domino effect, Florence's financial industry also collapsed, affecting nearly half of the population of Europe, causing damage no less than the Black Death.

The direct cause of the demise of the Medici Bank was the political loss. After the start of the Italian War, the French army captured Florence, and the Medici family was expelled. Later, because of the Pope's meridian, Spain agreed to Alexander VI's conditions and supported the old nobles such as the Medici family to build a mountain fortress behind Florence to besiege it. Finally, the Republic of Florence collapsed in 1522. In 1528, the Bank of Florence began to operate again. First loan of money to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.

Charles V's conditions were to expel the French and maintain the independence of Florence.

In the early morning, Georgiana looked at the ocean not far away, as if she saw warships in the mist. If she could manage to "deport" the British arrested by Denmark and let them leave the prison, these warships would allow them to board Is the ship going to Antwerp along the coast of France?

The roads in the countryside are really bad. They used to inspect multiple cities and towns a day, but now they dare not delay for a moment.

The Tour de France in the 19th century was no joy.

Unless the British bankers are crazy, they will agree to Napoleon's whimsical idea.

In order to attract more importers and exporters to trade in the UK, this business was monopolized by merchant banks, and the Bank of England could not intervene.

Bills of exchange involve the secondary market, and they can use bill transactions to extend trade financing such as bonds, promissory notes, and securities. This is one of the reasons why British investment industries can quickly recover their capital. Otherwise, child labor would only save part of the labor cost. materials and other costs.

If you go all the way, you can have more time to think about it, and you don't have to use tariffs to achieve that goal. If a wholesaler of large transactions finds that after buying British goods, the loss caused by discount and exchange rate exceeds 15% of the price difference, and the exchange time becomes longer, he will think twice.

Without bulk wholesale, small wholesalers have no stock to buy, and cannot distribute it to retailers, so that cotton fabrics produced in France can occupy the market.

The French are notoriously inefficient, the procedures of the Bank of France are complicated, and the bills are due for seven or eight years. How can British businessmen "quickly" pay back their capital?

The first thing to do in speculative business is to return the cost quickly and generate profits as soon as possible, while the industry needs time and a lot of investment in the early stage, and it will not make money at the beginning. It took a long time for Watt to improve the steam engine.

Businessmen in this era still had some faith and paid attention to their own reputation. The old Robert Peale proposed the "Factory Act" because a plague broke out in his factory and harmed people in the villages around him.

His prestige in the cotton textile industry is also related to the patriarchal system pursued by British society.

In short, he did not get the award of "the most humane workshop in the whole of Britain". This trophy represents the recognition and praise of the society.

Only when one is at the forefront of God's blessings can one become rich. To maintain this position and control the conversation, one needs to cultivate a moral community. Politics is regarded as a moral practice.

Compared with Bonaparte's calculations, Georgiana felt that it would be more cost-effective to use ships to bring those children who did not want to continue as apprentices in the factory to France. Of course, some people would not agree, but some people would help the children escape. .

Lost the future, even the glory is short-lived, but France is still suffering from famine, and the children may not have enough food to feed them.

"Do you know? Joan of Arc has been here before." Mr. Martin said suddenly.

Georgiana looked at him "I'm not Joan."

"Yes, remember that, you're not a girl from Orleans." Mr. Martin said, looking at her. "You're an Englishwoman."

"I heard you use onions as your family emblem." Georgiana smiled and said, "Why onions?"

"You've heard the onion song," said Mr. Martin, laughing. "Get in."

Georgiana looked at the French cavalry on horseback. Their vigorous appearance in the sun was very dazzling, which was a different temperament from the gloomy British.

Don't forget, in their eyes you are a British woman.

Georgiana reminded herself, then turned and got into the carriage.

Before getting into the car, Georgiana found that there was an extra person in Alice's carriage, as if she had found a playmate for herself.

Looking at the beautiful blonde, she suddenly felt a sense of giving up.

She didn't want to worry about anything, she just wanted to find a quiet place where no one was around.

Then she got into the carriage, closed the door, closed her eyes and dozed off.

In a daze, she seemed to have returned to the corridor of Hogwarts, which was the direction to the headmaster's office.

At the top of the tower lived an old Gryffindor who was a hero to all because of his victory over Gellert Grindelwald.

No one knew they were lovers, although that time was short.

There was a kind of warm power spreading in her gradually indifferent and hard heart.

She doesn't need to like all the English, she likes the magic school, with the mirror-like black lake, and the hippogriff flying on the lake, and the kelpies and merfolk in the water.

As for the wizard in black robes, she thought she could let him go.

He is already dead, and there is no need to resurrect him, and follow the oath of "either die together or live together".

It was painful for both of them, he didn't want to accept the life she shared, and she didn't want to live alone after he died.

Gellert and Albus had made a blood oath never to hurt each other, so Grindelwald was imprisoned in the prison where he used to hold other wizards, and at the entrance of that prison was written "for the greater good" .

She obviously hasn't been there, she just glanced at it on the train...

At that time, she was looking up from the foot of the mountain, and this angle was more like she was flying, and then she got into one of the windows, and a vicissitudes old man looked at her in surprise.

"Kill me, Voldemort!" said the old man excitedly. "I am glad to die, but my death will not give you what you are looking for. There are many things you will never understand."

"I'm not Voldemort," she whispered, sounding like she was talking in sleep.

She's not a pure-blood, doesn't hate Muggles...

"Have mercy on those who are alive." Dumbledore said softly, "Don't have mercy on the dead, especially those who have no love in their hearts. You don't need to help everyone, just help those who are worthy of help."

She breathed a sigh of relief, opened her eyes and looked at the maids who were talking quietly, listening to what they were talking about.

A girl should look like a girl, and with her size, she might never be able to wear armor like Joan of Arc.

She lay on Philier's lap, startling her.

"Keep talking." Georgiana said happily, "Who is so flirtatious and intends to seduce men all over the world?"

"Oh, ma'am!" Phillier scolded, and the other girls giggled.

Georgiana didn't care. She knew that there was a kind of woman in this world who felt that she was extremely attractive. She could make men who met her submit to her charm, but she felt that she couldn't do this.

She was just an ordinary woman. Napoleon ignored the pursuit of so many women, but he was obsessed with her like a dream. It was impossible to happen. It seemed that she was also a delusional person.