Golden Fishery

   Hearing this offer, Qin Shiou was immediately disappointed, and said: "It's only one million dollars? I thought I could get a price of 10-20 million."

  Billy and Little Blake stared at them, and asked him almost in unison: "What do you think the dollar is? Japanese yen, Korean won or Thai baht?!"

Qin Shiou said: "Don't look at me with such **** eyes, do you know Yuan Qinghua? Isn't that one thing that can be sold for 50 or 60 million US dollars? There are also some official kilns in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The prices are also very high. High."

Little Blake shook his head and said, "You don’t understand the rules of the porcelain antique collection world. I know that the porcelain you mentioned is of course expensive in Yuan blue and white. It is the emperor of porcelain antiques. And those official kilns can also be regarded as the nobles of porcelain antiques. Alla-porcelana cannot be compared with them, because this kind of porcelain is just an imitation of Chinese porcelain."

  Billy patted Qin Shiou on the shoulder, winking at him and said, "Your national pride can rise."

  Little Blake continued to introduce. This time he tried to be brief and concise, explaining Alla-porcelana and other modern European porcelain. As for the history of antique ceramics in America? Sorry, Native American Indians can make pottery, but this thing has been eliminated in Chinese art appreciation for a thousand years, and it has been eliminated in Europe for centuries, so in this historical introduction, there is no seat for America.

  First from the Roman Empire, the Egyptian lead-glazed pottery technology was introduced to Italy, and production continued until the tin-glazed pottery technology was introduced. The production technology of tin-glazed pottery was passed from the Middle East to Italy via Mallorca in southern Spain, compared with the technique of lead-glazed pottery. Tin-glazed pottery technology is a perfect upgrade, since then, exquisite pottery art began to enter the upper class of Europe.

  In the Renaissance, tin glazed pottery manufacturing technology spread quickly from Italy. First arrived in France, and then spread to Germany, the Netherlands, Britain and the Nordic countries. The main feature of Italian tin-glazed pottery is that the painted decoration was multi-color painting at first, and then when the luster color was introduced from Spain, the luster color was used to make the products appear bright colors. Such as golden yellow, red, dark blue, etc.

  When introducing here, Little Black pointed to the pottery inside. Obviously the color of these pottery is like this

  Continued development, the pottery of the Middle Ages in Europe began to develop to its peak, and it was Venice in the 16th century that achieved this. This maritime country took the lead in contacting China by using convenient ocean transportation and obtained more advanced tin-glazed pottery production technology.

  The porcelain produced in Venice not only adopts Chinese-made technology, but is also good at imitating the painted patterns of Chinese Ming Dynasty porcelain. A new style with oriental colors was formed. This is the origin of Alla-porcelana, where ‘Alla-porcelana’ also has a name called traditional Alla-porcelana.

  Little Black explained earlier that Alla-porcelana can be translated as simulated tin-glazed pottery. This word focuses on two places, one is ‘simulation’. The second is ‘tin glazed pottery’. Except for Venice at that time, European countries have been studying and learning Chinese pottery craftsmanship, and many kinds of simulated tin-glazed pottery have appeared.

For example, in Germany in the 1660s, the Hanluo factory in Frankfurt and nearby began to produce tin-glazed pottery. They used the craftsmanship transferred from the Middle East, but the utensils used Chinese decorative patterns, which is considered to be a kind of simulated tin-glazed pottery. .

  Earlier, in the 1620s, some Italian potters moved to the Netherlands and started the production of tin glazed pottery in the Netherlands, and imitated Chinese Yixing pottery. This is also a kind of simulated tin-glazed pottery.

   came later. The Dutch East India Company imported a large amount of Chinese porcelain. The domestic pottery decoration completely turned to imitating the Chinese blue and white, abandoning the Italian decorative style, and it has completely belonged to the simulated tin-glazed pottery.

  In addition, there is also pottery production in the UK. In the 1650s, tin glazed pottery manufacturing technology was introduced to England from the Netherlands. And then eliminated the production of lead-glazed pottery. In terms of pottery decoration, British porcelain was influenced by the Wanli blue and white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty in China, and it was almost a complete imitation.

  Undoubtedly, all the porcelains produced in that era can be called Alla-porcelana, but to distinguish them, porcelains produced in different countries and regions have different names. For example, the Dutch pottery production is concentrated in Deford, and its products are called Defort pottery; while the German pottery production is better in the Nuremberg region, it is called Nuremberg pottery. The name Alla-porcelana is gradually no longer mentioned in these countries and regions. The imitated copycat has a bad name after all.

Only Venice has always regarded this as a glory. They combined the simplicity and elegance of oriental porcelain with the gorgeous and noble traditions of European porcelain, and deliberately exported them to France. Before the 16th century, France also widely used lead-glazed pottery technology, Alla-porcelana. Introduced to France, it was immediately welcomed by the upper class.

  The real climax of Alla-porcelana production was at the beginning of the 18th century, when French King Louis XIV ordered the meltdown of silverware in the palace in order to pay for the cost of the Spanish succession war. Since then, the French dignitaries have turned to ceramics, and Alla-porcelana has become popular in Europe, but the number has increased, but the value has decreased.

  Fortunately, the porcelain is thin and fragile, and it is difficult to preserve. In modern Europe, there were frequent wars, and most of Alla-porcelana porcelain was destroyed in the war.

After entering the industrial age, European science and technology have become more powerful, ceramic craftsmanship has also been improved, and more, better, more beautiful and practical porcelains have appeared. The appreciation of bureaucratic aristocrats has since gradually abandoned tin-glazed pottery, and Alla-porcelana has not been used by many people. The manufacturing process has been gradually lost, and its value has gradually increased.

  Listening to Xiao Blake’s introduction, Qin Shiou asked: "Then which country is Alla-porcelana of these porcelains?"

Little Blake smiled and said: "Now when talking about Alla-porcelana, it refers to the traditional analog porcelain. At that time, porcelains in other countries had other names. I don’t know whether these porcelains came from Venice or France. If you want to clearly judge their identities, You have to remove all the whale oil on it and look carefully.” (To be continued~^~)