Dahan Technology Empire

Now that we have our own small kingdom, it is natural to do a lot of work. Many experiments that were not dared to do in the past can now be done if you want!

In the future base and scientific research area, many experimental equipment and devices that were previously restricted by various domestic restrictions and dare not be carried out are being quietly carried out here.

A relatively remote place in the scientific research area, an experimental building the size of ten basketball courts, the roofs of the building are all green optical boards that look like Buddhist circuit boards.

The trees around here are not like other places, they are tall and dense, and all the trees above a certain height have been cut down!

Moreover, it is also full of Yuanli magic circles depicted layer by layer by Liu Qingquan, and the turbulent energy fluctuations of the magic circles are very obvious.

Here is Liu Qingquan leading the team, 3rd-level scientists Jiang Zhipeng, Mo Qingming, and a talented overseas Chinese scientist Bruce Li participated together, more than 200 2nd-level scientists, 600 1st-level scientists, and 200 top-level construction engineers, so The luxurious and huge scientific research team jointly designed and completed!

This is the laboratory that Qingquan Technology uses to study nuclear fusion!

Yes, Qingquan Technology directly crossed the research process of nuclear fission and started nuclear fusion research directly!

Nuclear fission and fusion are two completely different research topics. Nuclear fusion, also known as nuclear fusion, refers to the formation of atoms with small masses, such as deuterium and tritium, under certain conditions (such as ultra-high temperature and high pressure). A form of nuclear reaction in which neutrons and helium-4 are produced, with a huge release of energy.

There is a huge amount of energy in the nucleus. According to the mass-energy equation E=mc^2, the static mass change (mass deficit) of the nucleus causes the release of energy.

If it is changed from a heavy nucleus to a light nucleus, it is called nuclear fission, such as an atomic bomb explosion; if it is changed from a lighter nucleus to a heavier nucleus, it is called nuclear fusion, such as the source of energy that stars continue to glow and heat.

Compared with nuclear fission, nuclear fusion has much less environmental problems such as radioactive pollution. For example, the nuclear fusion reaction of deuterium and tritium can be directly obtained from seawater. The source is almost inexhaustible, so it is an ideal way to obtain energy.

In addition, for everyone in Qingquan Technology, it is very simple to obtain the raw materials for nuclear fusion, which can be extracted from seawater, but the heavy atomic nuclear materials required for nuclear fission, such as uranium or plutonium, these materials can not be bought with money. to, and buying these materials will definitely be discovered by other countries.

Therefore, everyone at Qingquan Technology unanimously decided to start nuclear fusion research directly!

Nuclear fusion has great advantages over nuclear fission.

First of all, the acquisition of the aforementioned raw materials should be simpler and easier to obtain, the global reserves are very amazing, and there is a large amount of He3 on the moon; secondly, the energy released by nuclear fusion is much larger than that released by nuclear fission, and the reaction releases energy. The effect is extremely high. In theory, only the energy released by the annihilation of positive and negative matter is higher than it; the product is non-polluting, non-radioactive, and many other advantages!

Since nuclear fusion has so many advantages, why is there no nuclear fusion reactor that is actually in use in the world? You must know that there are hundreds of nuclear fission power stations in the world.

Nuclear fusion has its own natural limitations, and this limitation has plagued the scientific community for more than half a century!

The reaction conditions required for nuclear fission are very weak, and natural uranium ore can decay under natural conditions at room temperature. However, compared to the nuclear fission process, the most troublesome reaction conditions for nuclear fusion are that it requires an instantaneous high temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees to cause a nuclear fusion reaction, and such a high temperature cannot be achieved by traditional heating methods.

When humans developed a hydrogen bomb, a solution was given to this problem: detonate a hydrogen bomb with a nuclear bomb! That is, the temperature of the nuclear fusion reaction is obtained by the detonation of the nuclear bomb, thereby causing nuclear fusion to cause the hydrogen bomb to explode, so there is a small nuclear bomb inside the hydrogen bomb.

However, such nuclear fusion is uncontrollable. For humans, it can only be used for destruction and has no other purposes. If you really want to control the whole process of nuclear fusion like nuclear fission, two major difficulties still need to be solved. !

First, how to heat the raw materials for nuclear fusion to such a high temperature? The temperature required for nuclear fusion is as high as hundreds of millions of degrees!

Second, after heating the raw material for nuclear fusion to such a high temperature, what will be used to pack it? The high temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees is comparable to the temperature of the sun, and it can melt everything!

The research of nuclear fusion by human scientists began in the 1950s of the last world. It must have been a hydrogen bomb at the beginning. Later, they will study how to achieve controllable nuclear fusion, because controllable nuclear fusion is of great significance to human beings. Herein lies the hope of the problem.

Regarding the two problems encountered by controllable nuclear fusion, there are currently some research results. The people of Qingquan Technology are naturally the predecessors who planted the trees and the others to enjoy the shade, and they followed closely behind them. At the same time, Liu Qingquan also actively referred to Alpha people's early opinions on The research results of nuclear fusion, the two are integrated with each other!

For the first problem, how to heat the raw materials for nuclear fusion to hundreds of millions of degrees, everyone in Qingquan Technology still refers to the research ideas of the earth target scientists. The heating method of the Alpha people is too far from the current level of technology. Can't learn at all!

Regarding how to heat, the invention of lasers, starting in the 1960s, opened up the question of how to heat matter to extremely high energies.

The earliest Soviet experts began to consider the use of lasers to heat the raw materials for nuclear fusion, because the method has high energy and does not need to be in contact with the heated material. The simple understanding is similar to focusing sunlight and igniting wood chips.

But the energy of a single laser is too low, so in order to solve this problem, the energy of multiple lasers needs to be focused on the same point.

This problem seems simple, but it is actually very difficult, because it must be ensured that in a short heating time, the heated object is heated evenly in all directions and collapses toward the center of the sphere uniformly. A simple understanding is to imagine the heated object as a football. The best way to squeeze the air inside the football is to force it from all sides to compress its volume. If the force is only exerted from two directions, the football will be deformed, and the effect of squeezing the air inside the football will be greatly reduced.

This not only requires extremely precise control of the direction of alignment of each laser, but also requires strict control of the amount of energy of each laser in this extremely short period of time. Currently, the United States has the fastest research progress in this field. The National Ignition Facility is currently capable of focusing 192 lasers on the same spot.

The same is true for the nuclear fusion laboratory of Qingquan Technology. It is constructed with reference to the US National Ignition Device. It can focus 365 laser beams on the same point, instantly generating a high temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees, which is enough to ignite nuclear fusion materials.

Moreover, compared with the US National Ignition Device, which takes several hours to conduct an ignition experiment, this ignition device of Qingquan Technology can achieve 10 ignitions per second and release 10 pulses!

The ignition device of Qingquan Technology first enhances the external laser by 10,000 times, then splits one laser into 2 lasers, and then splits the 2 lasers into 4 beams. During the process, the beam was continuously enhanced, and its total energy increased to 5,000 trillion times the energy at the beginning, and finally focused on a deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion fuel with a diameter of 3 mm, which could generate a high temperature of over 100 million degrees and a pressure of more than 100 million degrees. 100 billion atmospheres, which is enough to trigger nuclear fusion!

Some people may ask, how much energy does it take to ignite it?

The photons of lasers are all directional, unlike ordinary light sources, the photons are diffused. If you think the sun shines on the ground, it will not burn the paper, but if the light is focused, at one point, the energy will be greater. , you can burn paper, the reason is the same.

Lasers are highly concentrated in energy, but the energy contained in them is not necessarily very large, and the energy consumption is not too scary!

Well, the first problem has been solved. We can rely on laser technology to create the conditions required for nuclear fusion and to ignite the nuclear fusion fuel. Then the next difficulty in controlled nuclear fusion is what device to use to hold this hundreds of millions of degrees. Nuclear fusion reaction?

At present, earth scientists have proposed many methods for controlling nuclear fusion, including ultrasonic nuclear fusion control method, laser confinement control method, inertial confinement control method, magnetic confinement control method and so on.

Among them, the most feasible is the magnetic confinement control method. The development of the superconducting tokamak device is to realize the storage of substances of hundreds of millions of degrees. The specific principle is very simple. It is mentioned in the high school physics textbook. , is to fix these substances in a closed space by confining them in a closed ring to rotate at a high speed, thus realizing the disguised storage.

It seems that the two major difficulties of nuclear fusion have already been solved by the people of the earth, but there is still a more serious problem, that is, there is no way to combine these two solutions for the two difficulties!

That is, at the current level of the earth, nuclear fusion fuel can only be ignited or the superconducting tokamak can be used to load it up, but it is very difficult to concentrate hundreds of laser beams on such a small point!

The fusion material needs to be stationary at the designated target position to wait for heating and ignition, while the superconducting tokamak device belongs to the process of magnetic confinement. If the fusion material is stationary, it cannot be affected by the corresponding Lorentz force in the magnetic field. Confinement in a designated confined space.

Therefore, although scientists on earth have solved the two major problems of nuclear fusion, they still have no way to achieve controllable nuclear fusion. These two solutions can only find ways to solve the other when they have a great advantage in solving one problem. a question.

For the second problem, everyone in Qingquan Technology naturally wants to learn from the Alpha people. What methods will the Alpha people use to control the nuclear fusion of hundreds of millions of temperatures? (To be continued.):