Bulgarian Empire

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The huge amount of war reparations has exhausted the pockets of the German people. Now not only are ordinary people having a hard time, but even the Junker nobles are having a hard time.

Half of the industrial products are used to repay debts, and the remaining industrial products are exported in exchange for industrial raw materials. In order to reduce foreign exchange consumption, the Weimar government has banned the use of luxury goods in the country.

Inflation turned the mark into waste paper, and the wealth of many people was swept away. Sixty percent of the German people owed a lot of debt to the bank. The bankers behind the scenes became the only winners!

If it hadn't been for Ferdinand's increased food aid to Germany, the Weimar government had enough food to fill the stomachs of the people, and they would have collapsed long ago.

The influx of aid has also harmed the interests of a class, that is, the Junker nobles based on the land. The rule of the Weimar government has begun to be unstable.

Now Germany has a food gap of more than 3 million tons, which means that after deducting Bulgaria's food aid, they still have to import at least 2 million tons of food every year to fill the domestic food gap.

And the main producers of grain, the Junker nobles, do not want the government to continue to import grain. They believe that as long as the domestic grain price increases a bit, everyone's enthusiasm for production can be mobilized to fill the domestic grain gap.

Of course, it is impossible for the Weimar government to agree. It is estimated that no ruler would dare to agree. If the import of food is really stopped, the German people will rebel!

It was because of the food problem in World War I that Germany surrendered. As one of the leaders, the Weimar government also knew that one thing must be done, and that was to ensure the domestic food supply!

Compared with the instability of the German central government, the development of several major kingdoms in the country is actually better. Take the Kingdom of Bavaria as an example. They vigorously develop domestic agriculture. The income of the people has not increased, but the standard of living is compared with other regions. But it is much higher!

Without comparison, there is no harm. In terms of local governance, the Weimar government, which has no experience in governing, naturally lost out.

Under the banner of liberty, capitalists grew rapidly and wielded ever greater influence in the government.

Similarly, matching it is that they are increasingly oppressing the domestic people.

Many people are well aware that there is no future for the development of industry in Germany now, and 50% of industrial and commercial products must be used to pay war reparations.

Capitalists are not philanthropists, how could they do such stupid things? So they turned their attention to the financial field one after another, such as loan sharks!

Against this background, the conflict between the German central government and several major kingdoms has also begun to plan. The Weimar government hopes that several kingdoms with better economic recovery will be able to bear a larger debt ratio. Obviously, this is not acceptable to the major kingdoms. of.

Now these kingdoms are not afraid of the central government. In order to bury nails in Germany, the French insisted on delegating the four major powers of the army, diplomacy, finance, and personnel to each kingdom.

In addition to the nominal unity, Germany is actually independent. You can't expect each king to support a republic, right?

Especially in the past year, with the deterioration of the world economy, the Great Depression has spread to the entire European continent. Everyone's life is difficult. It is not so easy for Germany to export industrial and commercial products.

Looking at the information collected from Germany, Ferdinand rubbed his forehead, European history has been changed beyond recognition by him.

Judging from the current situation, if the Great Depression continues, the foreign exchange obtained from the export of German artificial and commercial products will no longer be able to purchase the industrial raw materials they need.

Then defaulting on debts has become an inevitable result. Without enough industrial raw materials, how can they produce so many products to pay off their debts?

There is no money to import industrial raw materials, so naturally there is no money to import food, even with the one million tons of Bulgaria's annual aid,

That is also a drop in the bucket!

Prime Minister, tell the Germans that we agree to give them a batch of grain on credit, but in accordance with commercial rules!

Ferdinand made the final decision to continue exporting grain to Germany. After the end of the World War, Bulgaria was the largest grain exporter to Germany.

This is also a political business. After the war, Germany was eager to improve relations with major powers and get rid of the diplomatic deadlock. Bulgaria also hoped to get along with Germany in order to recruit talents, so the two sides hit it off.

Now the Germans certainly have no money to buy food, but the problem is in the short term. There are no new buyers for the agricultural products produced in Bulgaria?

So knowing that it is difficult to receive money in the short term when exporting grain to Germany, Ferdinand still wants to continue this business!

Your Majesty, this is too conniving to the Germans. A lot of foreign exchange flows from Bulgaria to Germany every year. We didn't say anything, but now we dare...

Constantine is naturally aware of the problem of grain export. But the hundreds of thousands of Germans working in Bulgaria have to remit 7.8 billion levs back to Germany every year. This amount can basically offset food exports.

Every year so much capital flows into Germany, Bulgaria doesn't say anything. Now that the German government has announced that it is unable to pay for their food, Constantine is naturally dissatisfied!

It's true that the Germans can't be too cheap, so let's set the interest rate higher. For example, a monthly interest rate of three cents is very suitable for them. Anyway, they have no choice now. I don't believe anyone is willing to give them food on credit! Fei Dinant said coldly

How is it possible not to be angry?

Now Bulgaria and Germany can be regarded as having what they need. Bulgaria has obtained talents from Germany, which has accelerated the pace of national development, and the Germans have also obtained Bulgaria's food to feed the people in the country.

The two sides can be regarded as a trade balance. The Germans obtained funds by exporting labor services, and then imported Bulgarian grain, which flowed back to Bulgaria again.

Now Bulgaria still needs these Germans to work hard. It is not necessary for the two sides to completely tear their faces, but in business, charging usury is not too much, right?

None of this has anything to do with the Bulgarian government. The capitalists are so black. If you want to pay on credit, you will be charged a high late fee. Do you want it or not!

The Germans don't want it, the worst is to use it to aid the Russians, and then find an opportunity to retaliate and go back. The Germans can't be hardened now!

After hearing Ferdinand's words, Constantine didn't continue to dwell on this issue. If the Germans dared to bear the 3% monthly late payment fee, then everything would be negotiable.

Your Majesty, what about the Italians? Constantine asked

Speaking of Italy, Ferdinand could only smile wryly. If the Germans might renege on their debts in the future, then the Italians have already begun to renege on their debts.

It's not that their government doesn't work hard, but that they really can't afford it! If there are still available for sale, it is estimated that the Italian government will sell them!

From the signing of the Treaty of Versailles to the present, the Italian government has used everything to repay the debt. Industrial and commercial products, this is not as competitive as the Germans; agricultural products are not enough for our own use, and we don’t need human resources!

No, there are labor teams organized by the Italian government in Bulgaria. Simply put, they organize criminals and send them over to work as coolies to earn money.

Another thing is to vigorously develop the service industry. Of course, this is not organized by the government. It is the capitalists who have learned the advanced experience of Japan. Well, they're still kind of virtuous, at least not forced.

It's just that they combine sales with it, and use this special channel to sell Italian luxury goods to European countries!

Of course, the Italian government cannot be blamed for these. It is really because of the domestic economic downturn and huge debts that many people are forced to take this road for their livelihoods!

Well, tell the Italians that if you want to reduce the debt, you can talk to the British consortium. We have sold all the debts, as long as they agree! Ferdinand said indifferently

Your Majesty, the Italians also demanded to suspend the payment of indemnities. They will continue to perform the contract after their economy recovers. We have an agreement with the consortium to be responsible for the payment! Constantine reminded

Ferdinand laughed, and said, That's right, we promised to pay the money, and we also guaranteed that the Italians would not be able to renege on their debts!

However, it took the Italians a hundred years to pay off, so as long as they don't pay them late fees, it's not considered bad debts, right? The consortium asks us to press for payment, so go and press with other countries!

Constantine was taken aback. He didn't expect Ferdinand to fool around. But now the Italians really have no money, so they really can't do anything to them!

Your Majesty, the Great Depression in Europe has already affected our export industry. If there is no accident, the export volume to the European continent will drop by 20% this year!

The government has decided to transform the company from export to domestic sales. Now that the economic crisis in Italy has broken out, we plan to recruit a group of talents. Their designers are still very good, but they are too lazy! Constantine continued.

Ferdinand nodded, and then said: Let's do it this way. We have just launched a ten-year plan. The market contained in it is huge. If we count the supporting industries, the jobs created may exceed five million. indivual.

The domestic human resource market may be difficult to provide. When necessary, you can turn your attention to European countries to find cheap labor!

For the current German and Italian governments, Ferdinand is a little speechless. Although the cards in his hand are bad, he can't play randomly!

The domestic economic crisis is so serious, they still maintain a high-welfare social system, but most people cannot enjoy these benefits, and the funds are insufficient, and they are occupied by a small number of privileged classes.

This expenditure alone accounts for 23% of Germany's fiscal revenue and 27% of Italy's fiscal revenue. It is also called protecting people's livelihood.

That's all, the economic situation is not good, the government has to find a way, take active countermeasures, at least hit the domestic capitalists, let the people take a breath, did not do it!

When encountering such two wonderful governments, it's no wonder that later generations of the Communist Party can develop, but this plane has not yet appeared their shadows. Could it be that they have been affected by the butterfly effect?

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