Black technology starts from the steel suit

Chapter 240 Chapter 240
"Of course it's best to solve the problem once and for all, but the problem is..." Director Lu hesitated to speak.

"If you have something to say, you might as well just say it. With the relationship between us, what else can't be exchanged?" Wang Feng poured a cup of tea for the other party, and then said.

"Then I'll just say it straight. Although I didn't study very well at the beginning, I also know very well that the Grand Unified Theory is not so easy to handle. Otherwise, there would not be so many failures. You can understand my point mean?"

"Are you worried about failure?" Wang Feng asked curiously, "There is no such thing as failure. No one can keep winning."

"To be precise, I am worried that you will fail."

"Is there a difference?"

"We have known each other for a long time. I have seen many talents before, but none of them are as outstanding as you."

"Let's just talk about my son. Although he is not a genius, he was admitted to a famous foreign school by himself. I didn't help him on this point."

"But he has good abilities, so basically he grew up smoothly without any setbacks, just like a 'child of someone else'."

"But then he changed."

"A little bit of a problem would make him furious, a little bit of difficulty would make him think twice, and finally he chose to give up. He no longer dares to do some risky things, and pursues safety in everything."

"I was very curious at the time, because I was very busy at that time. It was a critical period of my work, and I paid less attention to him."

"I was curious about what it was that made him the way he is, so I had an in-depth conversation with him."

"Though that's a bit late."

"I asked him at the time, what made you like this? He didn't want to talk about it at the time, and just told me to leave him alone."

"I didn't say anything at the time, I just said that if you don't feel happy, then drink some wine, and when you get drunk, you don't have to think about anything."

"I used some caution at that time. First I drank some white wine, and then I brought out a bottle of Wutong from my collection. You should know the red wine and white wine."

"He talked a lot that night."

"He said that he had been carrying the aura of a young genius since he was a child, and he had always been a child of someone else's family. Later, without our help, he was admitted to a prestigious foreign school by himself, and he was in the limelight for a while."

"But once we got there, everything changed."

"It's a concentration camp of geniuses, where everyone gathers together. And because of his childhood experience, he is very strong, which means that he always refuses to admit defeat."

"It's a good thing, but it's also a bad thing."

"In order to prove himself, he took on a job that is difficult for him to complete. It is a good thing to challenge yourself, and there is nothing wrong with wanting to prove yourself, but it is not advisable to take too much risk."

"You know, the world is not friendly to geniuses."

"Nalan Xingde, that is, Nalan Rongruo, his Ci is good! He is a famous poet in the early Qing Dynasty. Only one person! That is No.1 in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Unfortunately, he passed away at the age of 31."

"Gu Zhenguan commented: "Rong Ruo's poems are so sad that people can't read them. When people say sad, I want to feel sad. ". I feel the same way. I can't read his words, and I can't help but burst into tears when I read the sad part. The style of his words is close to Li Houzhu's, elegant and graceful."

"I still remember a few words: "I am a melancholy guest in the world, and I know what is going on with you. "; "If life is just like seeing it at first sight, what is the autumn wind and sad painting fan?" "; "Ask you why you are so light about parting, how many full moons can you reunite in a year. "; "The old joy is like in a dream, and naturally the heart is about to be broken, so why bother with the autumn wind. ";" I understood it at the time, but now I sacrifice it, I always feel passionate. "; "One generation, one pair in a lifetime, fighting for two places of ecstasy. ". Such good sentences abound in his words, which makes people unbearable to read."

"He is the son of Nalan Mingzhu, and as the first-class bodyguard of the Emperor Kangxi, he is extremely dignified. "Tong Zhi Tang Ji" says: He grew up in a family of Zhongming Ding Shi, and "he is close to the emperor, and people think that noble and close officials have no It can be seen that his prosperity and wealth have reached the extreme. What is rare is that he is versatile in both civil and military affairs, and what is even more rare is that he is deeply affectionate, indifferent and lofty, and regards fame and wealth as dung. He worshiped Tao Yuanming all his life."

"It's a pity that such a person died young."

"Do you know why?"

"The reason is very simple. My son introduced me to a saying at that time called curve breakers. I didn't understand it. He told me that there are always some people who destroy the normal distribution of grades. Only then did I understand that those outside the curve are It refers to these highly talented people.”

"Although everyone adores geniuses, they are eager to see the fall of geniuses in their hearts. You must understand this."

"It's human nature to see people fail more than they achieve, and there's no way to change that."

"So when you achieve some results, they will praise you, but when you fail, they will not encourage you, but will add insult to injury and trample you to death."

"Don't look at how many praises you have received now, but people are also waiting for you to make mistakes, waiting to trample you under your feet, and criticize you fiercely."

"I said so much not to make you give up, but simply to tell you what might happen to you if you fail. You'd better be mentally prepared for this."

After talking so much, Director Lu took a sip of tea.

"Genius is like a sharp blade. While they are sharp, they are also very fragile. Sometimes a little setback can break this sharp blade. Do you understand what I mean?"

"You mean I've been going so smoothly before that I might not be able to bear this setback?"

"It's best if you can understand. Although your achievements are enough for you to sleep on the credit book, I still hope that you can go further."

"You can do more practical things, more practical work."

"Of course, I don't mean that the grand unified theory is not important, but for us, maybe it is not the most suitable, we need more, more practical results."

"Until a theory is proven, no one, whether it's us or anyone else, can be sure if it works, so it's never a good idea to make arbitrary decisions."

"But you also have to understand that there are really not many applications of pure theory, right? And this is not the key point."

"The key point is that he is indeed very difficult, isn't he?"

"Although my studies are average and I haven't studied abroad, I graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China."

"I can understand the high degree of unity of physics, and I can probably feel the allure of that monument, but you also know what you will face."

Before the 20th century, physics was actually highly unified. Newtonian mechanics could explain almost all problems ranging from particles of dust to the motion of the sun and stars. However, in different fields, its application methods and forms had different appearances.

However, Newtonian mechanics is not perfect, especially for the nature and law of light, it has not been able to give a good explanation, which also bought a big thunder for the subsequent crisis of physics.

Newton himself supported the particle theory of light, which can explain the reflection of light well, but phenomena such as refraction and diffraction cannot be self-consistent.

Later, Huygens and Thomas Young made a series of profound and convincing theories and experiments on the wave theory of light, and finally Maxwell developed the light-electromagnetic field theory to the extreme.

So far physics has been perfected.

But prosperity must decline, and then two major experiments around light and radiation that changed the history of human science began to overturn this magnificent building: one was the Michelson-Morley experiment, which discovered the principle of the constant speed of light; the other One is the black body radiation experiment, whose energy distribution cannot be explained by classical electromagnetic field theory.

Therefore, in order to explain these two experimental phenomena that run counter to classical physics, Einstein proposed special relativity, and Planck proposed the energy quantization of radiation. The two are the two foundations of today's physics.

Since these two sets of theories were originally developed independently to explain different phenomena (even though Einstein won the only Nobel Prize in his life because of the theory of light quantum, the theory of relativity has nothing to do with it), so its system There is a strong incompatibility.

With the efforts of Dirac and others, relativistic effects were introduced into quantum mechanics, and quantum field theory and gauge field were further developed, and the other three basic fields (especially weak and electric fields) were well studied except gravitation. The unity of the system, but the gravitational force cannot be integrated under this system anyway.

Although both quantum mechanics and relativity can explain their physical phenomena very well in their respective fields, the fact that the "two sets of theories" must jointly rule the physical world is something that drives real theoretical physicists crazy.

It is said that a few hours before his death, Einstein was still making the last few calculations in his life for the "Grand Unified Field" theory.Today, both superstring theory and M theory are struggling towards this ultimate goal, and experimental devices that can verify their authenticity seem to be far away.

Fulfilling Einstein's long-cherished wish and ending the split in physics is still a long-term and arduous task for physicists...

Especially the final stage.

Since Einstein came to the world, physics began to develop in the direction of metamorphosis. . .In Newton's time, there was the intuition of physics first, and then the required mathematics was developed.

The Einstein period was just the opposite. There were some things that mathematicians played around casually before, and they didn’t think they had anything to do with the real world, but they were introduced into physics during this period, specifically referring to differential manifolds. group theory etc.

The theory that attempts to unify the four basic interactions of nature (gravitational interaction, strong interaction, weak interaction, and electromagnetic interaction) is called the Theory of Everything, which requires a long time and a lot of exploration. , repeated testing and trial and error, making predictions and being confirmed, and using them in production and life.The emergence of a theory of everything that can withstand testing is the first few steps in a long journey.

The current situation is that after years of hard work, physicists still cannot integrate gravity into the framework of quantum mechanics, let alone integrate it with other fundamental forces.The "grand unified theory" that attempts to unify electromagnetic force, weak force, and strong force has not yet been completed.In low energy conditions, it is difficult to unify the electromagnetic force and the weak force because the W boson and Z boson that transmit the weak force have non-zero invariant mass [1].The Standard Model relies on the Higgs mechanism to deal with this problem, but in its system the electroweak force and the strong force are still clearly different.

String theory requires extra dimensions and can propose an endless stream of models (there may be 1E500 kinds of four-dimensional space-time that curl extra dimensions into the microscopic). It has been ridiculed by some opponents as having no falsification and being unable to make meaningful decisions. The prediction is mathematical physics.

M theory is a theory that unifies five compatible superstring theories. It was proposed by Edward Witten in 5. It requires 1995-dimensional space-time, which can describe two-dimensional membranes, five-dimensional membranes, and 11-dimensional supergravity at low energy. , to describe elementary particles by two-dimensional membranes. Any prediction that M-theory can make is beyond the capabilities of any collider that can be built in the foreseeable future, and is at the stage of mathematical hypothesis.

Loop quantum gravity theory can only reproduce a small part of the characteristics of the standard model. It is difficult to model fermions, and the picture of the universe it points to is a fluctuation cosmology.If this is to be regarded as a theory of everything, I am afraid that it is not so suitable at all.

Others such as causal fermion system, causal set, E8 theory, and CDT theory are in different states, but the degree of completion is close to zero, and it is even impossible to calculate or predict the mass of particles.

The current reality is that the strong force, weak force, and electromagnetic force are all microscopic forces and are described by quantum mechanics (model), while gravity is a macroscopic force and is described by general relativity (model). These two sets of theories The models, while each proved to be correct in their respective domains, were not applicable to the other's sphere of action.

At the microscopic scale, that is, at the particle level, the effect of gravity is so weak that it can be ignored. General relativity cannot explain the laws of particle motion, but quantum mechanics can.

On the macro scale, that is, at the level of celestial galaxies, the effects of strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces are so weak that they can be ignored. Quantum mechanics cannot explain the laws of celestial galaxies, but general relativity can.

In fact, the larger the scale and the stronger the gravitational field, the more accurate the predictions of general relativity will be. If the scale is not so macroscopic and the gravitational field is not so strong, as in the case of the earth's surface, the predictions of Newton's law will be approximately accurate.

We know that the general theory of relativity uses a mathematical tool - Riemannian geometry, to map the macroscopic space-time into a curved geometric structure, then:
Mathematically speaking, the curvature of space-time (similar to the curvature of a mattress) reflects the distortion of the distance relationship between space-time points.

Physically speaking, gravity and its sensations are a direct result of this distortion of distance relationships.

Then in the cosmic background, celestial bodies and galaxies are pitifully small compared to the universe, and there is no problem in viewing them as particles, and then their distance relationship can be described accurately in this rough way using Riemannian geometry— The successful predictions of general relativity in cosmology have proven the feasibility of this.

It can be seen that the general theory of relativity fundamentally depends on the Riemannian geometric structure that requires the concept of distance, but at the ultra-microscopic scale, such as near the Planck length or smaller, the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics will make the Riemannian geometry The concept of distance is no longer accurate, so the field equations of general relativity are no longer valid.

We still lack the necessary theoretical support.

(End of this chapter)