gluttonous adventure king

Chapter 144 Crater

Ask for a reward.

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"In 1893, the first person to discover Mount Erebus immediately announced the discovery, but people at the time thought he saw clouds, not volcanic activity. But over time, Mount Erebus eventually It is determined."

“1979年11月28日当天，新西兰航空901号班机（TE901）在南极洲埃里伯斯火山撞山坠毁，机上237名乘客及20名机员全部罹难。”

"Brother Gun, the last time I went to the volcano, I only saw lava. Can I see lava this time?"

Fang Hong paused: "Of course we can see that the lake still exists today. Erebus is one of the only three major volcanoes in the world with a long history of lava lakes, and it is also the only six remaining magma lakes on the earth. One. The last time I was in the colorful land, I just encountered volcanic activity, and at Erebus Volcano, we will see the exposed magma lake."

This is also the reason why the scientific expedition team came here.

First, it has all the characteristics that a volcano should have, and Antarctica is not anyone's territory, so you can observe the state of the magma lake at will.

As a scientific expedition team, it is not so easy to enter other countries for investigation, even if the gate of hell is in a small African country like Ethiopia.

Second, the volcano has features that other volcanoes do not have.

In fact, regarding the magical effect of lava water vapor, in Kenya, the Maasai people will use special equipment to receive volcanic water vapor to form a fresh water supply.And at Erebus Volcano, it is the easiest area in the world to study lava water vapor.

The scientific value contained in this is not limited to the volcano itself.

For example, whether the water on the earth is really brought about by volcanic eruptions.

What kind of lava can cause water vapor to be produced, and whether other planets can produce water in the same way.

Such scientific research projects must be completed at the volcano.

After all, using equipment to penetrate the earth's crust to study lava only exists in science fiction.

After all, no country has the technology of the alien mothership in Independence Day.

The helicopter moved forward and finally stopped on the field.

The helicopter stopped down the mountain due to concerns about its impact on the mountain's snow and ice caps.

Everyone has to climb up the mountain, and at the same time the helicopter will reach the top of the mountain to make a detection video.

"The snow-white world you see actually accounts for less than one percent or even one-thousandth of the share. There is an ice sheet more than 1000 meters thick at the foot of the volcano. How do you think the ice sheet came into being?"

"As the saying goes, freezing three feet does not happen in a day, it must be caused by continuous snowfall and then solidification."

"What kind of pressure can freeze the snow that can step through tens of centimeters into solid ice? And from the physical state, ice and snow are different."

"The answer to the question is that more than 1 million years ago, the plate broke up and Antarctica was born. During a certain ice age, a large amount of water formed an ice shell on the land, and finally the ice shell moved with the earth's crust to where it is today, and at the same time There are also white ice caps formed by the extrusion of miscellaneous snow, one kind is transparent and the other is white, which can be distinguished by naked eyes."

"Brother Gun, can these ices be used?"

"What is it used for? Drinking water? The water resources on the earth are not as scarce as everyone imagines. As long as these water sources are not polluted, they are enough for human use, and the Antarctic ice sheet is not necessarily a good resource. Some ice sheets in Antarctica , not above the land, in other words, when these ice sheets collapse, the sea level will rise wildly, and the water world will come true. At that time, all the cities along the coast will all sink underwater.”

"Brother Gun, don't tease me. Ice floats on the surface of the water, will it cause the water level to rise? Brother Gun, you went to sleep in physics class."

Fang Hong rolled his eyes: "Currently, the melting rate of Antarctica's ice and snow has been proven to increase greatly, but it only causes the sea level to rise by 0.16 millimeters per year."

"how?"

Fang Hong: "This means that at this speed, the sea level can rise by 1000 centimeters in the past 200 years, and the impact on the earth will be negligible. But if the floating part of the Antarctic ice sheet collapses and enters the ocean, it will flow with the warm current." If it reaches a warm area and melts, after 68 years, the sea level will rise by [-] meters. Don’t think too much of human energy. At present, climatologists in the American scientific community have unanimously stood up to deny the claim that the greenhouse gases led by the US government have caused sea level rise. In other words, the so-called scientists' theories you hear are actually a fart under the political behavior."

When Fang Hong said this, several scientists sitting next to him turned their heads to stare at Fang Hong in unison.

Fang Hong was embarrassed: "I didn't mention you, I didn't mention you."

A meteorologist couldn't stand it anymore, and came out to explain: "Actually, the collapse of the polar ice sheets has little to do with climate warming. 90.00% of the reason why they collapse is because they can't bear their own weight. For example, the speed at which a piece of ice melts in the sun and the speed at which an ice cone falls and shatters under the eaves are completely two different levels of speed. Therefore, in recent years, there have been scientific studies on global climate change Theories and inferences are constantly being updated, and this is at the heart of our research."

Just imagine, if the water world really comes true, what will the world be like?

In fact, the so-called global melting of ice and snow has never been born in history.

In the past, the Pangea continent did not touch the two poles of the earth at all. There was no continent to support water, and the earth was not submerged by water. Because the earth’s crust has been moving, the ice at the two poles will always exist. Adding sea level rise, the water area on the earth will change. Larger, then the evaporation effect and rainfall will be more frequent, and the cycle of millennia will increase the ice and snow accumulation at the poles.

The helicopter took off and flew to the top of the mountain.

"This mountain is very similar to Mt. Fuji. Although the altitude is high, we can go to the top to see it. By the way, it's really cold here."

It is indeed very cold. The altitude here is more than 3000 meters. The thinness of the air is comparable to that of a place on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an altitude of 5000 meters. The temperature is close to the lowest temperature in the Himalayas.

But at the same time, under the sun, no wind, no humid air, this kind of cold does not seem overwhelming.

"The top of Mount Erebus is a crater with a diameter of 805 meters and a depth of 274 meters (the mouth of the lava funnel is 270 meters, and the surface of the magma lake is close to 400 meters from the top of the mountain), and the bottom of the crater is a small lava lake."

Since the entrance to the gap between the ice layers is also nearby, it is possible to observe at the crater before the investigation of the ice depression.

Qiu Qing took a small notebook to record, and everyone approached the crater.

Fang Hong took a look: "There are rumors in the rivers and lakes that viruses can survive in volcanoes. In fact, they are headlines. Viruses can survive in craters because the temperature of craters is very low, and lava lakes are two concepts. Bacteria and viruses are both organic matter with protein as the main body, and viruses can persist for a while at high temperatures of Baidu, and disappear in minutes at high temperatures of [-] degrees."

Fang Hong looked at Qiu Qing: "If there is a virus in the crater, there is no doubt that it was left by the people who visited last time, because the volcano here has been active several times in a hundred years, so damn it is dead."

Qiu Qing looked at Fang Hong with disgust, and went around to the side.

"666, Brother Gun, you see everyone hates you."

"Even Xiao Qingqing despises you."

Fang Hong shrugged: "I guess what they want to detect is not these data."

Sure enough, two climatologists began collecting lava gas and lowering a super-long rope.

This is an electronic temperature measuring device. After going down to more than 300 meters, it was clearly heard, and it exploded with a click.

Two climatologists began recording data at various levels of the detection.

Professor Wang sighed: "The last time I came here, I came here by car when I was young and strong. The more advanced the technology, the more convenient it is."

The crater can only be seen deep with some flames, and it is more closed by magma gas and water vapor, so it is not clear.

Professor Wang turned back: "Go into the ice cave."

(End of this chapter)