Great warships

Chapter 1032: All kinds of advanced technologies
Quantum communication, neutrino communication?

Everyone present was a little surprised: "Have these technologies already achieved breakthroughs?"

What we are talking about now is reservation, which proves that it has not been successful yet, but since space has been reserved, it means that there has been a breakthrough, and everyone can see the relevant progress.

"Dear leaders, let's introduce it first. After the introduction, there will be a question and answer session." Qin Tao said.

Wu Shengli shook his head: "Let's introduce these. You see, everyone is itchy, and I'm afraid they won't be able to hear what's going on in their hearts."

"Okay. Let me give you a brief introduction." Qin Tao said: "The first is quantum communication, which is considered to be the most promising way for submarine communication. Not long ago, our domestic experts from Huating Jiaotong University have completed conducted the world's first seawater quantum communication experiment. In this experiment, they observed that photon polarization quantum states and quantum entanglement can maintain quantum properties in high-loss and high-scattering seawater, which provides us with underwater communications. With perfect technical support, although it is still at a certain stage before practical use, it has already shown good prospects."

"What is quantum entanglement?" one leader asked.

After all, this is cutting-edge technology, and many people have never heard of it.

"Although I am a college student, I have not studied much quantum theory, and I personally cannot understand it. However, this is something that actually exists." Qin Tao said: "Microscopic particles have some unique motion states, such as Talk about panning, turning in circles, or rhythmic shaking, etc.”

This is actually not very scientific terminology, but in order for everyone present to understand, Qin Tao must try to be as straightforward as possible.

"The so-called quantum entanglement means that there are two particles in this unique state. Whatever movement one of the particles makes, the other particle will follow it, regardless of the distance or what is between them, the air Or sea water, or even the entire earth or the universe. It's like two twins with telepathy. Whatever one dreams, the other will dream."

"Twins are not so magical," a leader said.

"Yes, no one knows what the quantum entanglement phenomenon is. This phenomenon has been observed by microphysicists for a long time, and there is no reasonable explanation now. Therefore, some theories attribute this quantum entanglement effect to God. the power of."

There are many theories, such as a wormhole connecting the two, but no one knows about this mysterious thing, and it cannot be explained by current physics.

"So, how can this thing be used for communication?"

"Two microscopic particles, in a state of quantum entanglement, will do the same thing no matter how far apart they are. Therefore, we can place one particle each at the place where information needs to be emitted and the place where information needs to be received. In this way, if we need to send Information can be controlled by using an electromagnetic field to control the movement of one of the particles. The particle at the other end will do the same movement under the effect of quantum entanglement. We encode this movement and decode it at the other end to know the information sent. What is it?"

All the leaders present shook their heads.

"Don't you understand yet?"

"We understand, but we can't understand!"

"Yes, I thought of a science fiction novel called "Ender's Game". There is a kind of Ansible communication technology that can exceed the speed of light and does not have any time delay. Listen to what you said, this kind of quantum communication Technology is very similar to this thing. If we stimulate the quanta here in the Milky Way, the quanta on the other side of the Andromeda Nebula will react simultaneously."

They roughly understood it, but they didn’t understand it. Isn’t this amazing?

"Yeah, it's normal not to understand it, and I don't understand it either, but it doesn't affect our use."

Qin Tao didn't intend to waste too much time. Even scientists can't figure it out. You guys still want to figure it out?
"It is precisely because quantum entanglement is not affected by space and time that it provides us with a perfect means of submarine communication. We place the two ends of quantum communication at the land headquarters and the submarine respectively, so that wireless communication can be achieved. Delayed and barrier-free communication. Not only can it communicate at any time, but it can also not be eavesdropped. After all, it does not emit any signals and relies entirely on quantum entanglement to achieve data transmission."

For submarines, quantum communication is very suitable.

In Qin Tao's original time and space, the ocean-going scientific research vessel Science had achieved real-time transmission of data from a 2018-meter deep-sea submersible to Beidou satellites in 6000. The specific technical principles have not been announced, but the outside world can guess, Nothing but quantum communication.

And a few years ago, China launched a quantum communication satellite.

Of course, the first quantum communication satellite launched was not a complete quantum communication. Instead, the secret key was first transmitted through quantum communication, that is, the two parties communicated and shook hands. Subsequent communication was still conducted through electromagnetic waves. This has already taken a step forward. A very crucial step to be at the forefront of the world.

"According to our expectations, this kind of quantum communication will mature within ten years. By then, our 096 will definitely not be retired yet, so we have reserved this device. According to expected estimates, the initial quantum communication transmission speed It is 72 kilobits of data per second, which is equivalent to 4600 characters per second. It cannot be compared with our [-] Mbit or Gigabit network. It can only transmit text, not video signals. However, it is still used to transmit ballistic missile launch missions. no problem."

Attack nuclear submarines only need to communicate with the outside world when they are stationary, and they cruise covertly at other times. However, ballistic missile nuclear submarines are different. If they wander alone in the ocean at ordinary times, they must report to their superiors every once in a while that they are safe. Maybe this time it was normal. When we came up next time, there was no one on the land to respond and we were hit by a nuclear attack!

Ballistic missile nuclear submarines must receive news from their superiors at any time. When the motherland is attacked by a nuclear attack, they must accept the mission of their superiors and launch a nuclear counterattack. Only in this way can they maintain the power of a second nuclear strike. Only with this ability, the enemy will use a virulent weapon. Give up the first nuclear strike.

Therefore, this kind of nuclear submarine needs real-time communication most!

"Okay, let me introduce you to the second type, neutrino communication. Neutrinos are uncharged elementary particles with a mass much smaller than neutrons. They move at a speed close to the speed of light and have extremely strong penetrating power. , Therefore, we can emit neutrinos through satellites in space and directly emit neutrino beams to submarines in seawater, so that we can obtain a good communication method."

This method is also a future communication method for submarines, but Qin Tao did not see it mature until he was reborn, so he did not know it. In comparison, he was more inclined to quantum communication.However, all countries are studying neutrino communication methods, and of course our own country cannot fall behind.

"Okay, now let's return the microphone to our designer and ask him to continue introducing our submarine." Qin Tao said.

After introducing the control tower, it is the front of the submarine.

"We have a large spherical sonar in the front, which occupies almost the entire front space. Therefore, our torpedo launch tubes are arranged behind the bow sonar, so that the launch tubes are placed at an angle and point to the left and right front sides." Kvasa continued introduce.

This is also very different from submarines in the past!
Previous submarines used the traditional Russian layout.There are usually eight torpedo launch tubes on the upper level of the bow, and the lower half is used for a cylindrical sonar array.

This arrangement gives the torpedo tube the best firing range, allowing the torpedo to be launched better. At the same time, the hoisting of the torpedo is also very convenient. You can see some photos of the shore, open the launch tube above, and insert the torpedo go.

In the floating state, the torpedo launch tube must be above the water surface to make it easier to hoist the torpedo.

However, this design is not the most perfect, because the torpedo launch tube is above the sonar array, so it is impossible to detect the water sound above!

The layout of American nuclear submarines is not like this. Generally, a huge spherical sonar array is arranged at the bow. This will occupy the entire bow space, and the torpedo launch tube will be squeezed to the rear. This arrangement can completely sense the above The disadvantage is that the torpedo cabin is squeezed into space.

The specific choice depends on the purpose of the submarine.

If you are attacking a nuclear submarine, you must ensure the launch of torpedoes.

Eight torpedo tubes are arranged on the bow of the boat, which is very convenient to launch, even if it is faced with a group fight.If a saturation attack is needed, eight submarine-launched anti-ship missiles can be stuffed into the launch tube, which is top-notch powerful.Therefore, this layout can be adopted, and it has always been this layout in China.

However, if it is on a strategic missile nuclear submarine, this layout can be changed.

Strategic missile nuclear submarines do not search for enemy nuclear submarines underwater and launch attacks at any time. The mission of this type of nuclear submarine is to lurk in the depths of the ocean, launch ballistic missiles at any time, and launch strategic nuclear strikes against the enemy. This type of nuclear submarine does not require and When the enemy fights with bayonets, silence is his greatest weapon.

Therefore, this kind of nuclear submarine needs the best search capabilities.

Domestic nuclear submarines now have advanced sonar equipment. In addition to towed array sonar, there are also sonar arrays on both sides of the hull to detect distant ships. However, because they are installed on the side, they are not sensitive to both sides. The effect is the best, but the effect on the front is unsatisfactory, which requires the leakage correction of the front sonar array.

As for the frontal sonar array, the spherical shape can detect the entire surface, while the cylindrical shape can only detect the lower part.

Therefore, this change is also to improve the submarine's ability to perceive underwater and thereby improve its underwater survivability.

"After this design, the entire bow part of our boat will be fully immersed in seawater after entering the water, and the blind area above the front will be perfectly detected." Kvasa continued.

Sonar is immersed in the water and can only hear the sound when it is integrated with the sea water. Whether it is the bow sonar ball of a surface ship or an underwater submarine, all sonar must be in direct contact with the sea water. If there is an air layer in between , which will block all the weak sounds.

In the past, only the bottom of the bow of the submarine was filled with seawater. Now the entire bow of the submarine must be immersed in seawater.

It looks somewhat unique.

"Our submarine design is also gradually moving closer to the West." A leader said.

"Yes, of course we must absorb advanced technology. There are good things in foreign countries, and of course we must learn from them. We should take the essence and discard the dross, and we cannot rest on our laurels."

The huge sphere at the bow of the boat is almost four times the area of ​​the original cylindrical array. Of course, the detection range brought about by this is also rapidly expanded. In recent years, domestic related technologies have developed rapidly, so that such a big thing can be manufactured. Only advanced computer technology can process this data. In the past, these functions would not have been possible at all.

"After this design, how to install the torpedo?" the leader continued to ask.

In the past, as long as the torpedo tube was anchored to the dock, the torpedo tube could be opened and the torpedo inserted from the launch tube. However, with this design, it is impossible to use the original method when the torpedo tube is underwater.

Even if the ballast water tank at the stern of the boat is filled and the bow of the boat is raised, the torpedo tube is still underwater.

"We designed a special torpedo loading port on the submarine." Kvasa continued.

American submarines have long used a large spherical sonar structure at the front, so the loading problem must be solved. In fact, submarines in previous eras also had this problem. For example, German submarines during World War II had limited internal space, so when they went to sea , part of the torpedoes are tied to the submarine deck, yes, it is so unique. After going to sea, after using up the internal torpedoes, you have to climb outside when the weather is calm, untie the torpedoes from the deck, and pass through the deck. Stuffing the holes into the interior of the submarine not only consumes physical strength, but is also a solid technical job.

Modern American-made submarines are also designed with special openings, but the models are different, and the installation of torpedoes is also different. Some have vertical channels, with the head going down, and some have inclined channels, with the butt going down first.

Kvasa's design for this submarine is the same as that of the Los Angeles-class submarines. It is hoisted vertically with the head downwards. However, there is a set of specialized automated equipment inside, which greatly saves time and energy in the hoisting work.

"This hoisting plan has not passed the test of time. Is it suitable?" Some leaders are worried that if the plan is not suitable, doesn't it mean that the submarine has a design flaw?In the future, when our own submarines go to sea, it will be troublesome if they cannot carry torpedoes.

Strategic nuclear submarines do not fight bayonets underwater, but they need to protect themselves.

In many military novels, it is mentioned that attack nuclear submarines escort strategic nuclear submarines. This is completely a layman's way of writing. Submarines are all lonely big guys. Modern submarines often use wake self-guidance, acoustic self-guidance, etc. that are ignored after launch. What should I do if a torpedo accidentally hits a friendly force nearby?
When a submarine encounters a threat, it can only rely on itself. If it cannot install torpedoes, it will be tragic.

"Since last year, we have specially manufactured this kind of submarine torpedo loading equipment within the design institute, which completely simulates the torpedo cabin of this submarine one to one. We have conducted more than 800 hoisting experiments, whether it is loading or extracting torpedoes from inside. We did not encounter any problems when we came out. We also made a hydraulic platform to simulate the shaking of the submarine at the dock, and there was no problem. We also designed a special bracket so that when needed, we can do it ourselves without relying on a crane. "

The design took a long time. They continued to improve the design. When they had nothing to do, they built this one-to-one model. After a complete simulation, they dared to use it only if there were no problems. If there were problems, of course they had to continue to modify it. .

"Since repeated experiments have been carried out and the technology has matured, the Navy has no objection. However, our model must be sent to the Navy's submarine base for submariners to train and use it."

"it is good."

Back and forth, the entire project on the submarine was introduced, and the whole morning passed.

"Dear leaders, we originally planned to introduce in the morning and answer questions in the afternoon. Since you have already asked, you might as well continue asking. When there are no more questions, we can go to eat again, so that we can eat with peace of mind." Qin Tao said.

Just finish it all, so as not to worry about eating or drinking.

"Okay, let's ask questions." Wu Shengli said: "Let me ask a question first. Do you have confidence in this advanced steel?"

"Yes, we have specially developed the latest special high-strength steel for the 096 nuclear submarine. This steel has a strength of 2200 MPa, which can fully meet the pressure resistance needs of the submarine at a depth of 2000 meters underwater. Of course, considering various In this case, we set the normal diving depth of this submarine at about 800 meters, which leaves a large margin. Even at this depth, it is difficult for torpedoes and other weapons to threaten it."

The diving depth of a normal submarine is two to three hundred meters. The diving depth of a nuclear submarine is larger, that is, three to four hundred meters. If the depth continues to be increased, a shell with stronger pressure resistance will be needed, either thickened or made of high-strength materials.

Dongfang has been researching related materials over the years. It has already made breakthroughs in high-strength steel for warships. The decks of aircraft carriers also use its own steel. Of course, the steel used in submarines cannot lag behind and has always been under development.

Now, using 096, there is finally a more advanced steel.

Torpedoes also have a depth indicator. If the design depth is exceeded, the torpedo cannot be used. This is the same as the aircraft in the sky. The MiG-25 flies high and fast. If it flies above the firing height of the anti-aircraft missile, it will not If hit, the submarine will develop downward. As long as it dives deep enough, there is no need to worry about being attacked.

"We have been conducting experiments for two years, including welding, seawater immersion, coiling, etc., which have proven the excellent performance of this steel."

The normal diving depth is tens of meters. If you encounter danger, you will drill to a depth of 800 meters. If you encounter other problems, such as seawater cliffs, you will not be crushed by the seawater even if you lower it to 2000 meters, and you will have enough time to save yourself.

This 096 submarine is completely mature!

(End of this chapter)