Northern Song Dynasty Justice

Chapter 613

Hearings?
The Four Little King Kong seemed to be thinking of something, and they couldn't help secretly communicating with each other with their eyes.

Is this the completion system that the teacher said?

It should be.

Isn't this to limit our imperial court?

Uh..

In fact, strictly speaking, this is a hearing, not a lawsuit, just because the imperial court did not have a hearing system before, and the procuratorate can only use litigation to solve this problem.

But this is actually very necessary.

Although the imperial court did not change the laws and regulations, the imperial court continued to give new interpretations and precedent principles. If there were no hearings, then in terms of judicial interpretations and judicial principles, Zhang Fei alone had the final say, and in the end it would happen Changing into Zhang Fei is the law, which cannot survive as a system.

Zhang Fei was also worried about other judges doing this.

He must complete this system so that judicial interpretations and judicial principles can be tested more.

After the end, there was no applause, no flowers, only deafening discussions.

Compared with the previous lawsuits, this lawsuit is particularly special and very professional, because this lawsuit is all debated around the interpretation of laws.

Many people don't understand it, and some people don't understand it, but they all find it very interesting and feel that they have learned a lot.

As for the scholars, that's even more amazing. For the first time, they realize that law studies are so interesting.

They didn't leave immediately, but discussed with each other.

At this time, the students of the law school became the point of intersection, because they have already started class and are learning the law of the legal system. Although half a bucket of water is not enough, it is more than enough to fool these common people.

As for the officials at the VIP seats, they focused more on the changes in the expressions of Su Zhe and Zhang Fei. They originally thought that this was another self-directed and acted by the public prosecutor, but the frustrated expression on Su Zhe's face made them feel uncomfortable again. They feel that the procuratorate is serious.

This made Wei Yingfang and the others have a very complicated feeling. If this is true, it means that the public security law is aboveboard. According to the system of the public security law, the three are checks and balances. Judgment on lawsuits, and interpretation of justice.

Of course they don't want to believe this fact, and they don't want to accept it either.

If the public security law is so serious, it will only be them who feel uncomfortable!

In the future, I may not be able to go to work to catch fish. If something goes wrong, it will really be investigated.

But Su Zhe didn't care about this, he threw the work to Chen Qi and the others, and then went to the back hall to find Zhang Fei.

"President Zhang's legal attainments are indeed impressive."

Su Zhe first complimented Zhang Fei, which was regarded as his approval of the hearing, but then said: "But I am still worried about this. Many laws and regulations have good intentions, but the result is that the government exploits the people. reason.

Although I know the purpose of Chief Judge Zhang, a fair government can indeed help the people avoid being bullied by big landlords in contract disputes, but the facts have proved that if the government bullies the people, the people will only suffer worse. "

You are thinking of the people, I agree with that, but you often do bad things with good intentions.

This is exactly the same as the reason for opposing Wang Anshi.

In the past, it was impossible for the government to rely on contract disputes and civil lawsuits to confiscate property from people's homes, but with this explanation from the imperial court, the government was given this power. Can you guarantee that they can enforce the law impartially?
Zhang Fei smiled and said, "Chief Prosecutor Su, in fact, in this lawsuit, you have overlooked a very important point, so that I am too embarrassed to speak up in court."

"Really?" Su Zhe asked hastily, "I hope Judge Zhang will tell you?"

Zhang Fei said: "It's you yourself."

"Myself?"

Su Zhe couldn't help being taken aback.

Zhang Fei nodded and said: "If it was the previous branch system, I wouldn't dare to explain it that way, but now is the era of the Public Prosecution Law, and the establishment of the Public Prosecution Law system is to prevent Mr. Su Xiao from worrying. I The explanation is based on the public security law.

In other words, it is not my judicial interpretation and the punishment principles of the imperial court that can really eliminate Mr. Su Xiao's worries, but the whole system of public security and law. "

After hearing this, Su Zhe was stunned for a while, then suddenly supported his forehead and smiled awkwardly: "That's right! Why did I ignore the system of public prosecution and law?"

Zhang Fei said: "The reason why I gave this explanation is precisely to solve Mr. Su Xiao's worries. So many lawsuits before are enough to prove that the lawsuits between people and people are not so difficult to deal with. The most difficult thing to deal with is Disputes between officials and the people. If the debts are unclear, it is actually difficult for the imperial court to decide for the people.

It was very difficult to collect salt debts and military salaries before, and they needed to play tricks. The key point is that in their contract, the debts were not clear, and the government actually had a chance to win the lawsuit, but at that time They don't trust Er Bi, and they are not familiar with the trial process of the Public Prosecution Law. "

"Yes Yes Yes!"

Su Zhe nodded again and again, he now understands everything, the key is to stop the new law, under the new law, it is difficult for the government to force the common people, they stood up and wanted to apologize, but Zhang Fei dared to stop them.

"Mr. Su Xiao doesn't need to apologize, this is the public prosecutor's law." Zhang Fei laughed.

Su Zhe was stunned for a moment, then hehe said, "Yes! This is the law of public prosecution."

In fact, the reason why Zhang Fei gave this explanation is really not to deal with disputes between the government and the people, but to serve business.

Don't underestimate that this is a small explanation, a small change, just write the debt details into the contract, and stipulate that the contract is equal to the law, but this is actually better than many commercial policies of Wang Anshi.

This can even bring the economy of the Northern Song Dynasty to a higher level, because businessmen will feel more secure, and industry and commerce will inevitably be more prosperous.

Within a few days, the imperial court published in the legal newspaper about the seizure and purchase system of civil lawsuits.

It is even stricter than what was said in court. Not only can people's property not be moved, but seals can only be pasted on the spot, and it is not that if you win the lawsuit, you will be able to seal it up immediately, but you have to wait for three urgings before the imperial court can dispatch bailiffs. , to enforce.

Try to solve it by the people themselves, and don't easily use public power to enforce it.

Because the "hearing" aroused the attention of the whole people on jurisprudence, as soon as this issue of the law newspaper was published, it immediately aroused heated discussions among the people.

At the same time, the crowd in front of the gate of the imperial court was full of people, but these people were not looking for the imperial court to do business, but crowded in the bookstore in front of the gate of the imperial court.

Because according to the judicial interpretation given by the imperial court, the contract has become very important, which involves profits and debts, not only the starting point, but also the end point.

The previous kind of contract will be completely eliminated, and the new contract already requires professionals to draft it, and ordinary people cannot draft it.

This is why Zhang Fei transferred Qiu Zhengwen from the Legal Aid Department to the bookstore before.

With regard to contract drafting, only Bianjing Law Firm is the most professional. For example, the bookstores of Lu Bangxing and Li Min can only serve a certain individual, but cannot achieve universality.

However, Bianjing Law Firm has now achieved small profits but quick turnover, similar to ordinary land deeds, which only cost ten cents a piece, and all of them are printed.

Not only is it more professional than a dental clinic, but it is also so much cheaper.

It's hard not to think about this kind of business!

As a result, the Erbi industry has completely gained a foothold in the Hezhong Mansion. They not only litigate, but also replaced part of the authority of Yahang. Now Yahang is just a trader.

Of course Yaren hated it very much, but they had no choice. Those bookstores were all opened in front of the imperial court, so how could they dare to seek trouble!
However, an announcement from the Taxation Department took away all the limelight from the Public Security Bureau in an instant, really an instant.

This new tax collection method has finally been announced.

There is no one thing that attracts more attention than this one. It really concerns everyone.

The essence is the new tax law, but because the tax department has no right to promulgate tax laws, the announcement of the tax department mainly emphasizes the integration of all taxes, so the exemption tax must be followed.

There are still six grades in total.

Calculated on the basis of one stone per mu.

Less than 5.00 mu, [-]% will be collected.

Since in the exemption tax, less than 5.00 mu is exempt from tax, the base tax is [-]%.

From 5.00 mu to [-] mu, a [-]% tax is levied, which is a brutal [-]% plus a [-]% exemption tax.

From [-] mu to [-] mu, a [-]% tax is levied.

From [-] mu to [-] mu, a [-]% tax is levied.

From 11.00 mu to [-] mu, the tax is [-]%.

More than 15.00 mu, [-]% tax is levied.

As for merchants and citizens, the corresponding income is also exempt from duty tax, and the amount of the six levels is the same.

In the previous tax law, all kinds of miscellaneous taxes were added together, but the current self-declaration is calculated by subtraction. Tax exemption privileges can be reduced, deed tax can be reduced, and liquor tax can be reduced. It is also solemnly stated that after the reduction is completed, It is the final grade.

Among them, it is stipulated that the soldiers of the forbidden army are levied at [-] guan, and the tax must be paid after more than [-] guan.

This tax law is really a world of ice and fire.

Those big landlords and big country gentry are very angry. The poor only need to pay 5.00%, but we rich people have to pay 15.00% tax. Is there any reason for this!
Do you know what a feudal class society is?

How can you do it the other way around.

So they immediately found the government, the tax department was simply robbing, we were really wronged.

In fact, officials are also very angry about this.

official government.

"Your tax department keeps saying that you only collect taxes. This announcement is not about collecting taxes, but about the new tax law. Or do you think we are all fools?"

Wei Yingfang shook the announcement and questioned Chen Ming.

Cai Yanqing and Yuan Jiang also looked at Chen Ming with great interest. In fact, they all supported him in their hearts, but the tax department made it too obvious. This is clearly the new tax law. Who are you to blame?

On the contrary, Chen Ming felt puzzled and said: "I have already discussed with you about the integration of all taxes."

"Are you all in one?"

He Chunlin immediately jumped up, "Even if it is calculated according to the autumn tax, it is a bucket per mu, which is 5.00%, not to mention the summer tax. Where does this [-]% come from?"

"The barrenness of the field."

"Good and barren?"

"Yes."

Chen Mingdao: "For example, the tax payment per mu in Jiangnan is different from that in Hezhong Prefecture, and Hezhong Prefecture also has a lot of barren land, and their yield is less than one stone per mu. I take the average and then add the exemption tax.

But if everyone thinks that the tax is too low, our Taxation Department does not mind raising the minimum tax to [-]%. The above tax only needs to be increased by [-]%. "

Wei Yingfang opened his eyes and added five, that's not 20.00%, you might as well grab it!

Cai Yanqing smiled secretly, and said, "It's not low, we're just asking."

The rest of the officials fell silent.

A smile flashed in Yuan Jiang's eyes, and she asked again: "Has the tax envoy Chen done any calculations, whether this tax law can guarantee finances?"

Chen Ming nodded and said, "It's just a lot."

He Chunlin muttered in a low voice: "In the final analysis, we still need to make money in different ways."

Chen Mingdao: "It's just more and less. The reason is not because of the integration of all taxes, but because of the way our tax department collects taxes. The integration of all taxes is just for the convenience of our tax department to collect taxes."

Cai Yanqing nodded: "I see."

You must know that two-thirds of the land in Hezhong Mansion is concentrated in the hands of big landlords. They used to try their best to evade taxes, but now they are charged 15.00%. Is this tax not too much?

The officials were very clear in their hearts, but no one dared to speak.

In fact, Chen Ming's reason is untenable. How can you have such an algorithm, how is your average level, how can it be 5.00%.

But if they want to question the Department of Taxation to improve taxation, they have to increase the tax rate, because the tax rate must be low, so isn't it crazy?
They are dumb and eat yellow lotus now, they can't tell the pain!
Their side is bitter, but the people's side is too sweet to believe.

The Hezhong Prefecture law firm exploded.

Before, Qiu Zhengwen sent people to go to the countryside to do the tax declaration proprietary to the publicity firm, and the price was very cheap, only a few tens of pennies a year, because Bianjing Law Firm has proved that this is a very profitable business, because people Enough, anyway, it is very difficult to change the land of ordinary people once, and it can be used for a long time to record once, and individual changes don’t matter, Erbis only need to be busy for three months, and they can eat for a year.

Soon, the Hezhong Prefecture Office received a lot of business.

Of course, there are also some people who don't believe in Erbi, but they trust the Legal Aid Department. After several previous lawsuits, the Legal Aid Department has won the hearts of the people for free for the people.

At this time, the front of the Legal Aid Department was also full of people.

"How much more? Mr. Fan, how much did you just say?"

A 30-year-old man, with his mouth open, looked at Fan Zhen.

Fan Zhendao: "You have [-] mu. The tax law is based on the yield of one stone per mu. Your annual harvest is twenty stones, which is equal to two hundred buckets. You have to pay twelve buckets of rice every year."

"Only twelve dou?"

"That's all you have to pay if you have no other income."

"Wow woo woo!"

The man suddenly let out a wow and burst into tears.

It was without warning.

In the past, their family had to start at least [-] dou a year, and the tax law stipulated that it was [-] dou, and there was also the summer tax, as well as branch transfers and changes.

Can this not cry?
"Mr. Fan, help me take a look."

"It's my turn, it's my turn."

The people behind immediately became agitated, only wishing that they could also hear a very astonishing number.

Fan Zhen also took the trouble to calculate for them. He didn't feel the slightest tiredness on his face, and he kept a smile all the time. He was actually quite supportive of this tax law.

Honest and honest officials like him are also very supportive of this tax law. Anyway, their annual income is basically within the tax-free range.

This new tax law also split the officialdom to a certain extent. Honest and honest officials began to turn to the tax department, the public security bureau, and at the same time won the strong support of the people and soldiers.

The soldiers were terrified before, but now they heard that the levy starts at [-] guan, so go ahead and collect it. If the imperial court can give me [-] guan an annual salary, I am willing to pay the tax.

It's human nature, and if they were earning a hundred dollars a year, they probably wouldn't think so.

This also reversed the bad image of the tax department before.

Cai Yanqing and Yuan Jiang also came to inspect the imperial court today, seeing this situation, but there was no joy on their faces.

Cai Yanqing said solemnly: "I heard that the tax department has only collected dozens of deed taxes so far?"

Yuan Jiang nodded, "It's always difficult for people to take the initiative to pay the money!"

Cai Yanqing said: "This tax law is like a sharp sword hanging over the head of the tax department."

There is only so much money, such a large-scale tax reduction for ordinary people, it is necessary to collect money from the rich, but their taxes are not easy to collect, if they cannot be collected, it will all be over.

Yuan Jiang caressed her beard and said, "Break the boat and fight to the death."

Tax Division.

"The lower officer has seen the tax envoy."

I saw a group of unkempt and ununiformed ghosts and snake spirits suddenly stood up and greeted Chen Ming with fists cupped. It really looked like the Juyi Hall in Liangshan.

Chen Ming nodded slightly, "Everyone, please sit down."

These people sat down again.

The chief bookkeeper beside him said: "Chen Tax Envoy, there are only a few people paying the deed tax at present."

"We stipulate that it is one year, let's talk about it after one year."

Chen Ming just said lightly about this. He had expected that those people would definitely delay paying the deed tax later, so he said to those ghosts and snakes: "Our tax department is different from other government offices. The difference between them is that we can get rich, our rules are very simple, the more tax evasion you find, the more bonuses you get, and you can take [-]% of the fine imposed by the imperial court, no less A penny, everyone."

A thin man's eyes flashed sharply and said: "Then if I find a thousand strings!"

Before he finished speaking, Chen Ming said: "Then you can get five hundred guan."

The thin man couldn't help gasping.

"Then how do we go to check taxes?"

"Whatever you want."

After finishing speaking, Chen Ming said again: "Of course, I suggest you use legal means."

"understand!"

Everyone nodded in unison.

Is it a suggestion, not an order!
That is to say, if you don’t use legal means, it’s fine.

Chen Ming said again: "The outside is full of prey, you can figure it out for yourself. In the first year, our tax department gave you some living allowances, but after that, it's up to you."

In a shop next to the police station, I saw Cao Dongdong, Ma Xiaoyi, Fu Shichun, and Fan Zheng sitting here, eating hot pot and drinking wine, completely unaware that they were in Hezhong Mansion, as if they were in the capital.

"Fan Da, you chose this shop well, it happens to be right next to our police station, hehe, we can get together often in the future." Cao Dongdong put down his wine glass and wiped his mouth.

Fan Zheng smiled and said, "This is the Jieku shop. There is a treasury in it. It's next to your police station, which makes people feel at ease!"

Fu Shichun suddenly said: "Aren't you planning to open in the imperial court?"

Fan Zhengdao: "But it will take another year for the new store to be built, but the government can't wait so long, so it will open here first, and then the headquarters will be set up there."

Ma Xiaoyi suddenly said: "That's right! Fan Da, this seems to be my Ma family's business too."

Fan Zheng wondered, "You don't realize it now, do you?"

Ma Xiaoyi said: "Will it make money?"

Fan Zheng hehe said: "Uncle Ma is so smart, if he doesn't make money, he won't let him go."

Ma Xiaoyi giggled, "It's enough to make money. When I run out of money, I can ask you for it."

Cao Dongdong's eyes lit up, "It's really convenient."

Fan Zheng was speechless for a while.

At the same time, the imperial court is also holding a year-end meeting.

"Our goal this year has been achieved, which is to gain a firm foothold in Hezhong Prefecture. Next year, our goal is to expand abroad."

Zhang Fei said: "The work of the four of you will become extremely busy. First of all, you will have no days off this winter, and you have to continue to go to law school and deal with the backlog of cases. From the middle of next year, you will have to take turns to go to nearby counties. Internship, when the time comes, you will know whether you can stand alone."

After hearing this, the four little Vajras were not only not worried, but were gearing up, overjoyed.

Zhang Fei saw it and said with a smile, "I hope I'm not trying to spoil the growth."

Ye Zuqia immediately said: "Teacher, don't worry, we will never disgrace you."

Zhang Fei said: "Don't hide it if you lose it. After all, you often lose face in front of me. Don't put too much pressure on yourself."

Ye Zuqia smiled awkwardly, "Yes."

Cai Bian suddenly said: "Will the teacher not go to the law school to teach?"

Zhang Fei said: "In such a cold day, you let the teacher go to class? Do you want the teacher to freeze to death? You think I am as young as you, let's talk about it in the next spring."

The four looked up at Zhang Fei at the same time, the teacher looked younger than us.

After the meeting, Zhang Fei and Xu Zhiqian left the meeting room.

"You are so lazy."

After leaving the meeting room, Xu Zhiqian said with contempt.

Zhang Fei said: "Do you think that you can solve the problem by being as busy as them every day? I am busy with everything alone."

Xu Zhiqian muttered: "I didn't see that you were very busy."

"Everyone is busy here."

Zhang Fei pointed to his head and said, "I have to take a long vacation for myself, so that I can have enough energy to deal with the decisive battle next year."

"decisive battle?"

Xu Zhiqian said in surprise.

Zhang Fei smiled wryly and said, "If you can't make money and improve finances, all fairness and justice will become meaningless. The world will be prosperous, and everything will be beneficial."

After Xu Zhiqian heard this, she couldn't help but feel a bit of sadness between her brows, and suddenly felt a white shadow passing by from the corner of her eye, she turned her head to look, "It's snowing!"

As she said that, she looked at Zhang Fei again, and said confidently: "Auspicious snow heralds a good year, next year we will surely win."

Zhang Fei smiled and nodded.

Tokyo Bianliang.

It was snowing heavily, and pedestrians were in a hurry on the street.

I saw two carriages slowly coming to the door of the Meng Mansion, and the two old men getting off from the carriage were Xie Yun and Zhao Wenzheng.

In the past at this time, they would all play with their concubines at home, so how could they go out in this heavy snow, but the last express letter from Hezhong Mansion this year arrived in Tokyo, making them sleepless and restless!

"From this point of view, the tax department is the scariest thing."

Meng Gansheng put down the letter in his hand and said solemnly.

Just one exemption tax has already made them very depressed. If all taxes are combined, it will increase by 5.00%. Who can bear it!

Xie Yun sighed: "It's not scary to rely on a tax department alone. There were people who collected taxes before, but it's just that the tax department plus the public security law is scary!"

In fact, it is not the taxation department that really decides, but the public security law. If there is no public security law, it is the government that decides, and it is still the same as before.

Zhao Wenzheng said: "Say it! Sima Junshi's judicial reform is more terrifying than Wang Jiefu's new policy. What is even more worrying is that many officials in the DPRK and China have changed from opposing the new law to supporting judicial reform. For example, Fu Gong , Zhao Xianggong, they all joined the Public Prosecution Law."

Zhao Xianggong refers to Zhao Bian. Zhao Bian has already served as the chief judge of Tokyo Bianliang. Zhao Bian was originally the prime minister, and now he is going to serve as the chief judge. His intention is very obvious, that is, to begin to replace the judicial power of Kaifeng Prefecture.

The main reason is that a group of ministers in the DPRK began to support judicial reform from their hearts, thinking that this is the ultimate way out, and they no longer support judicial reform because they oppose the New Deal.

Xie Yun nodded and said: "Wang Jiefu's new policy is based on officials, politics and law. Judging from the current situation of Hezhong Mansion, judicial reform is based on law."

Meng Gansheng said: "If we oppose both the New Deal and the judicial reform, we may be in a difficult situation and incite them to kill each other, but the government will always balance the situation. Why don't we fully support the New Deal and defeat the judicial reform first."

After Xie Yun and Zhao Wenzheng hesitated for a moment, they nodded at the same time.

The lesser of these two evils.

Judicial reform has endangered their core interest, which is power.

Wangfu.

"Whether the Hezhong Mansion can succeed depends on next year."

Wang Anshi nodded.

However, Lu Huiqing said worriedly: "But teacher, many ministers in the court have joined the public security law. They all believe that the success of the Hezhong government lies in the judicial reform and has nothing to do with the new law. They even think that the new policy should be abolished and the public security law should be popularized."

"A bunch of nonsense."

Wang Anshi immediately scolded: "If there is no my exemption law, can there be a tax department?"

Lu Huiqing wondered: "Although this is true, it will seriously affect the morale of the Department of Regulations of the Second Government."

This exemption law was a great success in the capital, but people were talking about the tax department, and not many people thought that this success should be attributed to the New Deal.

This has led to reformers feeling that their efforts are neither recognized nor empowered.

Judging from the situation in Hezhong Prefecture, if the new law follows the Public Procuratorate Law, most of the reformist officials will not be able to gain power, and they will follow Wang Anshi, who not only has ideals, but also longs for political achievements.

Wang Anshi was very clear about this. He never planned to follow Sima Guang. With his slow-moving personality, how long would it take to popularize the new law? Lu, how did it go?"

Lu Huiqing immediately said: "It's very smooth, and it doesn't use merchants to transport goods, and it's actually cheaper to hire people directly from the government. After all, merchants earn most of the money from it."

Wang Anshi nodded, "Next year, let the young crop method be tried out on Tokyo East Road, and you will watch it yourself."

Lu Huiqing hurriedly nodded and said, "The students know."

Xiangguo Temple.

In a wing room, I saw Sima sitting in front of a Buddha, reciting scriptures and chanting.

With a creak, the cold wind hit.

Sima Guang looked back and saw his friend Wen Yanbo, he couldn't help feeling a little embarrassed, "Mr. Wen, you...why are you here?"

Wen Yanbo laughed.

Sima Guang got up quickly, bowed his hands, and asked, "Why is Duke Wen laughing?"

Wen Yanbo said with a chuckle: "If Wang Jiefu sees this, you have to think that you are asking God to bless you, and you will laugh your ass off."

Sima Guang said: "He knows that I have always had the habit of chanting scriptures and chanting Buddha."

Wen Yanbo said with a smile: "But he probably never saw that you went to Xiangguo Temple to chant scriptures and Buddha in this snowy day."

Sima Guang looked at his narrow eyes and sighed: "I think it's too soon. The Public Security Bureau only went there this year, but next year we can see the harvest. The key is the judiciary in charge of the Public Security Bureau, but it is the finances that determine life and death. , it's not fair!"

Wen Yanbo said: "Who can blame this, but only Zhang San. In those few lawsuits, he spoke righteously and resoundingly. He stripped the government's fig leaf clean, and he earned enough people's hearts. If there is a problem with the finances, he It must be fully responsible, and the officials of the Hezhong Mansion will definitely push all the responsibilities to the public prosecutor."

Sima Guang said, "Can we do something?"

Wen Yanbo said with a chuckle, "I pray for Buddha's protection."

Sima Guang's face darkened, "Then Mr. Wen came to interrupt me."

(End of this chapter)