I, compose the 5000 years of China

Chapter 175 The Loneliest Poem in the Tang Dynasty: "Jiang Xue"... (for subscription)
In fact, Liu Zongyuan Chen Fan considered getting the talk on CCTV before.

But after thinking about it, there was no choice.

This is mainly because "There Are More than Three Hundred Tang Poems" mainly talks about Tang poetry.

Although Liu Zongyuan also wrote poems, he did not mainly write poems. His greater achievement was in prose.

Therefore, Liu Zongyuan is also one of the eight great masters of Tang and Song Dynasties.

Therefore, the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties refer to famous prose masters, and generally do not refer to poets.

"Liu Zongyuan believes that everyone knows who he is."

Liu Zongyuan and Chen Fan were not introduced for the first time.

In yesterday's Liu Yuxi program, Chen Fan introduced Liu Zongyuan.

The two were Jinshi candidates who were admitted together, and Liu Zongyuan was one year younger than Liu Yuxi.

"Liu Zongyuan was born in the Hele Liu family. He was a famous family at that time. His ancestors had always been officials. Liu Zongyuan's Tang Gaozu Bo Liuxi (shi) was the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty at that time. They are some of the court elders that Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian have to deal with. Of course, after several generations, the Liu family is not as prosperous as before, but it is still a famous family."

"At the age of 20, Liu Zongyuan passed the Jinshi and the first degree, and later went to take the Boxuehongci subject. Boxuehongci is an examination other than the imperial examination. In order to attract more talents, Liu Zongyuan did not expect that Liu Zongyuan also won the list. .Because Liu Zongyuan has a great literary talent, plus he is from a famous family, and the resources are also good, when he was in his twenties, he had already become a sixth-rank Lan Tianwei."

"In 803, when he was 30 years old, Liu Zongyuan went a step further and was transferred back to Chang'an as the supervisory censor. He was reused by Wang Shuwen. Then, he joined Wang Shuwen, Liu Yuxi and others to participate in the Yongzhen Innovation. It failed after more than 100 days."

It should be said.

The experiences of Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi are very similar, and sometimes they are almost exactly the same.

The two were admitted to Jinshi at the same time.

The two were admitted to Boxuehong CI at the same time.

The two entered the center at the same time.

The two participated in the Yongzhen Reform at the same time.

Then, the two were demoted at the same time.

"Subsequently, both Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi were demoted to other prefectures and counties as Sima at the same time. This is called the Two Kings and Eight Sima Incident. The Two Kings refer to Wang Shuwen, Wang Ni and other two leaders, and the other eight Sima are mainly eight important people who participated. Because these eight people were all demoted to the states as Sima, they are also called the Eight Sima.”

Talking about Liu Zongyuan is easier than talking about Liu Yuxi.

Before Chen Fan talked about Liu Yuxi, he inevitably had to introduce more background at that time.

But Liu Zongyuan was different.

Because Liu Yuxi's background at that time was exactly the same as Liu Zongyuan's.

So Chen Fan just briefly talked about the situation at that time, and everyone in the live broadcast room nodded from time to time.

"Hehe, it seems that Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi are two good friends."

"Hahaha, it's true if you don't say it, the experiences of the two are too similar."

"I don't know what happened to Liu Zongyuan later?"

Chen Fan was just one point, and everyone understood.

Chen Fan went on to say: "The place where Liu Yuxi was demoted was Langzhou, and the place where Liu Zongyuan was demoted was Yongzhou, that is, Yongzhou in Hunan Province. Unlike Liu Yuxi's boldness, Liu Zongyuan is actually a relatively reserved person. Not an optimist. So many times, Liu Zongyuan doesn’t write much poetry, but he is more meticulous than Liu Yuxi. Liu Zongyuan likes to write more ideas into prose. After he was demoted to Yongzhou, he wrote the famous "Yongzhou Eight remember"."

Eight Records of Yongzhou are eight essays written by Liu Zongyuan in Yongzhou Landscape Travel Notes.

These include, "Shide Xishan Banquet Travel Notes", "Cobalt Lake Story", "Cobalt Lake West Hill Story", "Little Stone Lake Story", "Yuanjia Keji", "Shiqu Story", "Stone Stream Story" , "Little Rock Mountain".

Because the content of the eight chapters was too long, Chen Fan chose one of them, which was also a relatively representative one, "Little Rock Lake".

"One of them is called "The Story of Little Rock Lake". Let me share it with you."

talking.

In order to make it easier for everyone to read, Chen Fan posted this article on the public channel.

"Walk a hundred and twenty steps west from Xiaoqiu, separated by bamboos, and hear the sound of water, like ringing and ringing, and feel happy. Cutting bamboo along the road, you will see a small pool, and the water is especially clear. The whole stone is the bottom, near the shore, rolling around the stone bottom. From the out, it is the di, the islet, the mound, and the rock. The green trees and green vines are covered with swaying fringes, scattered and scattered..."

This is actually a travelogue.

But travel notes are not just travel notes.

Liu Zongyuan used his travel notes to express his emotions.

So in the following text, he wrote like this: "Sitting on the pool, surrounded by bamboos and trees on all sides, there is no one, lonely, desolate and cold, quiet and deep. If you live in the clear environment, you can't live for a long time, but remember it. .”

The meaning here is also very clear.

That is to say, there is no one here, cold and cold, too quiet... So you can't live here for a long time, just write down the scenery here and leave.

"Brother Fan, Liu Zongyuan seems to have a pessimistic personality."

At this time.

Some netizens in the live broadcast room saw the meaning of this article.

"you can say it this way."

Chen Fan nodded: "If compared to Liu Yuxi, then Liu Zongyuan is pessimistic and cannot be more pessimistic."

Liu Yuxi's relegation can describe the feeling of being promoted.

But Liu Zongyuan is not.

To be demoted is to be demoted, not to be reused is not to be important.

of course.

Who would you say is the better character of the two here?

No one can force this.

Liu Yuxi can indulge in pride, but you can't force everyone to be the same as Liu Yuxi.

"But although Liu Zongyuan is more pessimistic, he still wants to serve the court wholeheartedly. Even if he is demoted to Sima...here I want to talk about the official Sima. The official Sima was a fifth-rank official at the time, and this official was neither big nor small. As for what to do, in fact, they do nothing. Generally, Sima’s position is for the elderly, or some important officials in the court have been demoted. I don’t know what to do with him, so I let him go to various states to serve as Sima. Anyway. It’s okay for him to do nothing, just transfer him away from the capital and away from the center of power.”

In this way, everyone will understand.

In fact, as an official Sima, if you can see it openly, he eats, drinks and drinks, and he has the right to travel around the mountains and rivers, just like Liu Yuxi.

Anyway, there is no need to do anything, and the salary is not bad.

"Although Liu Zongyuan was transferred from the center of power, he was still worried about the affairs of the court. Therefore, he traveled all over the place in Yongzhou. Once, he met a snake catcher. I chatted with this snake catcher. The man said that there is a very rare snake in Yongzhou. It has a black texture and white patterns. There is no way to resist the snake venom. However, after catching it and drying it, it can be used as bait, which can be used to cure leprosy, flexion of hands and feet, and other diseases. At the beginning, the imperial physician ordered the emperor to collect these snakes. To grow snakes, the snakes are collected twice a year, because the person who catches this snake can deduct his tax, and people in Yongzhou are vying to catch snakes."

"At that time, Liu Zongyuan said, isn't this very good? However, the snake catcher surnamed Jiang said that three generations of our family have been catching snakes for a living. But my grandfather was bitten to death by snakes because of catching this kind of snakes. Yes. My father was also killed because of catching this kind of snake. I don’t know when I will be bitten to death when catching this kind of snake. Then Liu Zongyuan said, you hate this kind of thing very much Is it? If yes, I will help you clear up the relationship and let you stop catching snakes, and I can restore your taxation, so that you can stay at home safely, and you will not be bitten to death by snakes."

"But the snake catcher shook his head and said, no, I don't want to. Even, the snake catcher cried when he heard that the tax collection would be resumed. Liu Zongyuan was very strange, isn't this guy afraid of death? Then, this A snake catcher said, "Are you trying to help me or harm me? If my taxes are really restored, I might as well catch snakes. Liu Zongyuan asked again, why?"

"The snake catcher also said that it has been 60 years since our ancestors lived here for three generations. However, in the past, it was useless even if we farmed the land every day. Because when the government came to collect taxes, we directly All the food in the family was confiscated. And what did we eat? As a result, there was no food, and we couldn’t even survive. At the time of my grandfather, there were only one or two households left in ten households in the village. My father’s generation, Two or three of the ten households remained. In my generation, four or five of the ten households survived, which is considered good.”

"Why? Because although catching snakes is dangerous, I don't need to worry whenever the government comes to collect taxes. I just need to look at the snake in my jar, and I will raise it with peace of mind, and then Just hand in the snake. Although the price is to risk your life twice a year to catch snakes, compared to those villagers who don’t go to catch snakes and have everything confiscated at home and have to wait to die, I don’t know if I am a snake catcher. How nice. So at the end, the snake catcher begged Liu Zongyuan, don't stop him from catching snakes."

This story comes from the prose "Snake Catcher Talk" written by Liu Zongyuan.

As for why this happens.

Liu Zongyuan said: "A tyrannical government is fiercer than a tiger!!!"

When it came to this point, everyone in the live broadcast room was silent for a while.

It is wonderful that people are born in this age to be at ease.

but.

Even in the Tang Dynasty, those commoners might not be able to live a good life.

Not to mention.

At that time, it was not the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but the middle Tang Dynasty, and he had already shown signs of decline.

"Ugh……"

"I admired Liu Yuxi's pride before, but now I realize that Liu Zongyuan is the reality."

"I like history very much, but sometimes I dare not look at the real history."

Many people sighed incomparably.

but.

It's just one of those things.

This happened to civilians.

However, a series of extremely tragic things happened to Liu Zongyuan.

Chen Fan said: "Before Liu Zongyuan was demoted, his father had already passed away. But not long after, his young wife also left. After being demoted to Yongzhou, Liu Zongyuan didn't even have a wife, and only took his daughter with him. Coming to Yongzhou with his mother? This is not the worst, because life in Yongzhou is difficult, and his mother passed away in less than half a year. Do you think this is over?"

"not at all."

Chen Fan shook his head: "Liu Zongyuan has a daughter who has been weak and sick since she was a child. In order to let her grow up healthily, Liu Zongyuan sent her daughter to the temple. However, even sending her daughter to the temple is useless. In Yongzhou Five years after being demoted, that is, when Liu Zongyuan's daughter was 10 years old, her daughter also died. At that time, this daughter was his only daughter."

"This……"

"How could this be?"

"Isn't this too tragic?"

Hearing such a tragedy, everyone's eyes widened, and they could hardly believe it.

They also know a series of well-known poets.

Also know a range of historical figures.

Most of those poets, high officials... Sometimes even if they are demoted, it is just a frustration in the officialdom.

Their lives are actually much better than ordinary people.

but.

When hearing Liu Zongyuan, everyone was completely stunned.

"how to say……"

Speaking of this, Chen Fan also sighed: "If you haven't encountered someone who has experienced the same experience as Liu Zongyuan, it is difficult to feel Liu Zongyuan's sadness, even if Liu Yuxi came to face his parents, wife, daughter... All of them left me, and I don't know what Liu Yuxi thought. Not to mention, Liu Zongyuan, who was more pessimistic than Liu Yuxi. For a long time, Liu Zongyuan was devastated and had nothing to love, like a corpse Walking away, he no longer knows what is the point of being in this world."

And during this period of time, Liu Zongyuan, who rarely wrote poems, wrote a song "Jiang Xue".

This poem is also rated as the loneliest poem in the whole Tang Dynasty.

When Chen Fan learned this poem when he was young, he never knew what it meant?
Or even if you understand it, you only understand the literal meaning.

After getting a little older, I also lamented that I don't know why Liu Zongyuan wrote poems so lonely.

It wasn't until later that he learned about Liu Zongyuan's experience that Chen Fan truly realized what it meant to be lonely.

Thousand Mountain Birds Flying Absolutely

Wanjing people disappear

Solitary boat

Fishing alone in the winter snow.

(End of this chapter)