Reborn Tech Scholar

Chapter 484 Star Simulator

Of course, the tokmak device also has great disadvantages.

The tokamak device needs to use an ohmic transformer to start the plasma current, and it needs to consider problems such as twisted film, magnetic surface tearing, resistive wall film, etc., and these shortcomings make the tokamak device easy to break and unstable, and it can achieve 1 minute , 100 seconds are not bad, and it is very difficult to make a major breakthrough on this basis.

Because of this, a group of scientists created a stellarator. This stellarator is different from the Tokamak device. It is a magnetic confinement fusion experimental device with an external spiral winding.It consists of a closed tube in the form of a straight line, a "race track" or a space curve, and an external coil.A common stellarator has two or three pairs of spiral windings, the magnetic surface of the former is similar to an ellipse, and the latter is approximately triangular.Adjacent helical windings are fed with currents of equal magnitude and opposite directions. After the magnetic field generated by the helical windings is synthesized with the longitudinal magnetic field, the magnetic field lines are rotated and transformed, thus confining the plasma without longitudinal current.

The biggest advantage of the stellarator is that it can operate continuously and stably. It does not need to start the plasma current through an ohmic transformer like the Tokmak device, and it does not need to consider problems such as twisted membranes, magnetic surface tearing, and resistive wall membranes. It is equivalent to Transfer the technical difficulty to the engineering difficulty.

Therefore, many scientists believe that stellarator may be the most suitable type for future nuclear fusion power plants.

In the international arena, two schools have thus formed, one is the tokmak device school mainly based on Russia and China, and the other is the stellarator school mainly based on Germany and Japan.

At present, from an international point of view, the experimental parameters obtained by the stellarator are better than those of the tokamak of the same scale. Since the degree of freedom of the non-axisymmetric system is greater than that of the axisymmetric system, the possible magnetic field configurations in the stellarator are far more than those of the tokamak. mark.

Of course, the stellarator is not perfect, and it also has great disadvantages. The disadvantages of the stellarator are the high level of neoclassical transport, the complicated manufacturing and assembly of the coil and the coil support structure.

For stellarators, the constant pursuit of improving superconducting materials is to develop a material that can achieve superconductivity at room temperature, or at least under less extreme conditions, so as to create larger artificial Electromagnetic fields are used to confine the plasma, thus solving many problems faced by stellarators today.

Qin Yuanqing is actually not optimistic about the tokamak device, nor is he optimistic about the stellarator device. The reason is very simple. They have been born for half a century, and the research that needs to be done has been almost done. As a result, the current results are not substantive. fly over.

If you place your hope on the real existence of room-temperature superconducting materials, let alone a controllable nuclear fusion project, even without controllable nuclear fusion, many energy problems can be easily solved.

Professor Ma was taken aback, but he still said: "It's not impossible to build a brand new device that can use magnetic confinement to achieve controllable nuclear fusion, but it's a lot of work and difficult to realize!"

"And even if we develop a device more advanced than the tokamak device and stellarator, it will only solve a small part of the problem, because in the theoretical field of controllable nuclear fusion, we are basically at a loss!" Professor Ma said.

There is a famous saying in physics that more is difference.Although the motion of plasma can be summarized by Maxwell's equations, and even quantum mechanics cannot be used, the number of particles in the whole system is astronomical.The difficulties involved are absolutely tingling.

"I don't think the theoretical field is a problem. In fact, I said a few years ago that the theory of controllable nuclear fusion has been solved. What is lacking is the development and consolidation of technologies in related fields. The reason why I proposed to promote the controllable nuclear fusion at this time Fusion technology is because at present, our Huaxia initially has the foundation to realize controllable nuclear fusion!" Qin Yuan smiled lightly.

He knew what the problem in the theoretical field that Professor Ma said was nothing more than the movement of ions in the device, and the movement of ions was very complicated.

Just like fluid mechanics, although we know that the basic formula is the Navier-Stokes equation, the turbulent flow phenomenon it produces is a mountain that the physics community has been unable to conquer for 200 years.

The phenomenon of turbulence is not a patent of general fluids, plasma can also produce turbulence.Moreover, because of the existence of an external magnetic field, the turbulent flow of plasma will be more complicated and unpredictable than the turbulent flow of ordinary fluids.

Since it cannot be explained theoretically, it is impossible to find a simple model to predict plasma behavior from "first principles".

Therefore, in many cases, when researchers "diagnose" plasma, they can only construct some phenomenological models to help research as they do when studying fluid turbulence.

But for Qin Yuanqing, these problems that make physicists' brains troubled were solved a few years ago. He even built the model, but he didn't announce the results.

The experts present looked at each other, but when they saw Qin Yuanqing who was smiling and full of confidence, they dared not raise any doubts.

Because it is very simple, Qin Yuanqing is the greatest mathematician and physicist in the world today!
Either don't speak, and speaking represents authority!

If you want to refute the authority, you have to go through a series of research and master the true evidence before you can refute the authority.

"The technical experts here are basically writers who are engaged in the research and application of nuclear physics. The problems you worry about do not actually exist. The theoretical problems have already been solved. With the establishment of the project, you will come into contact with the problems you used to have. Without access to knowledge, you can see scenery that you couldn't see before!" Qin Yuanqing smiled.

"Of course, this does not mean that there are no difficulties in controllable nuclear fusion. In fact, there are still many technologies that we need to study. I have already listed in the project proposal that controllable nuclear fusion requires thousands of technologies. The breakthrough is exactly the same, the research has given 4 years, and it is estimated that the technology will be fully mature in 2025, and the construction of nuclear fusion nuclear power plants will begin!" Qin Yuanqing emphasized the technical difficulties that controllable nuclear fusion needs to overcome.

"In fact, the ten nuclear power plants currently under construction have a total of second-phase projects. The first-phase project is currently completed, and the second-phase project is going all out. In addition to the design, space has been reserved for the transformation of nuclear fusion reactors. That is to say, once the controllable fusion technology is fully mature by 2025, the current nuclear power plant will be transformed into a controllable fusion nuclear power plant!" Qin Yuanqing said.

Some of the experts who participated in the meeting looked indifferent, as if they knew it a long time ago, while others showed shock in their eyes, and it was obviously the first time they had learned the inside story.

After all, some of the experts here have developed over the years and are qualified to understand this kind of thing.

This is the way in the world, what you know is what your identity and influence can let you know, and there are many things that you cannot touch.

The truth is cruel, but this is the truth of the world!

Just like the Internet world, maybe you think you know everything, but in fact what you know is only what you want to know, it is only fragmented, not the truth!

"Academician Qin, in the project proposal, the technical research cost you listed is 1000 billion yuan, and the transformation of a nuclear power plant into a nuclear fusion nuclear power plant needs 200 billion yuan. Is this technical research cost too high? This is more than my country's The total cost of nuclear research!" A leader of the financial department mentioned the cost issue.

For departments with financial power, the issue of money is always the focus!

Regardless of the fact that the country’s fiscal revenue is increasing year by year, and there is a fiscal surplus every year, but in fact, fiscal expenditures are also increasing year by year, and funding allocations in various fields are increasing every year. As everyone often says, The landlord's family has no surplus food!
Among the three project proposals proposed by Qin Yuanqing, the research funding for anti-gravity technology is the lowest, only 20 billion yuan, and the total funding for controllable nuclear fusion is 3000 billion yuan.As for the 'Double Ring Space Station', it just made the finance department gnash their teeth and feel heartbroken. When they saw the project construction cost of more than three trillion yuan, they would feel dizzy.

If it is possible, the financial department will veto it without hesitation, crossing their arms and saying 'no money', but it just doesn't work!

"Related scientific research funds of 1000 billion yuan, I think, are not high. If I am not willing to invest 1000 billion yuan in scientific research funds, then I am personally willing to bear this part of the cost, but the related technology patents that arise must belong to me. I don't know if it is possible. !" Qin Yuanqing looked at the leader with a half-smile and said.

What a joke, the ITER project has been built for more than 10 years, and the total cost is nearly 1998 billion U.S. dollars, and this is not the current U.S. dollar, but the U.S. dollar in 1000. The conversion is definitely more than [-] billion yuan now, but the result has already made The major participating countries are about to lose patience. They don't know how much money they need to invest in order to see the commercial application of controllable nuclear fusion!

If 1000 billion yuan can be used to master a complete set of controllable nuclear fusion technology, then there are definitely countless countries that will wave their money and smash it vigorously.

"As you all know, last year's development was greatly affected. The GDP growth rate was only 5%, and there were a lot of financial expenditures. We are also under great pressure!" The leader of the financial department smiled and said: "However, the controllable nuclear fusion is 1000 billion For technical research expenses, I think this money is still worth investing in!"

What a joke, the social and economic benefits produced by controllable nuclear fusion technology were calculated in ten trillion yuan that year. It can make China completely get rid of the energy crisis and solve the energy bottleneck. Huaxia shouted confidently: Our goal is the sea of ​​stars!
Not to mention, as long as Huaxia masters controllable nuclear fusion, even if Huaxia's electricity bill is reduced by half, it will still be profitable, and all walks of life can increase profit margins, especially low-end manufacturing, which can also survive in Huaxia. good.

If Qin Yuanqing is really allowed to pay for it himself, then when the controllable nuclear fusion technology is really born and matured, then it is estimated that the technology licensing fee handed over to Qin Yuanqing will exceed 1000 billion yuan a year!

(End of this chapter)