Xueba starts with change

Chapter 575 Topics related to neutrino oscillation
After some cloud and rain, Chen Zhou and Yang Yiyi stayed warm for a while, then got up.

Although the time to wake up was delayed, it could be seen from Chen Zhou's expression.

He is still very satisfied.

The anguish of having to sleep in separate rooms because of the presence of my parents has completely disappeared from last night to this morning.

After finishing breakfast, Chen Zhou and Yang Yiyi wandered around the Yanda campus for a while, then went straight back to the dormitory.

It's not for anything else, Chen Zhou is running out of time.

And Yang Yiyi also had to prepare some materials in advance for the research topic of LIGO.

So, when they returned to the dormitory, the two sat down at the desk in a tacit understanding.

The feeling of being together once again resurfaced in Chen Zhou's heart at this moment.

Subconsciously, Chen Zhou turned to look at Yang Yiyi.

Yang Yiyi seemed to have a feeling, and turned to look at Chen Zhou.

The two smiled at each other and said nothing.

Chen Zhou's research on neutrino oscillation related topics has also entered the most critical place.

In fact, the discovery of neutrino oscillation is already a proven objective fact.

Whether it is solar neutrinos, atmospheric neutrinos, or the third reactor neutrino oscillation discovered by Huaguo.

The phenomenon of neutrino oscillation has been completely discovered from three angles, which complement each other.

The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which proved that neutrinos have mass.

This is also the fourth time in the field of neutrino research that he has won the Nobel Prize in Physics so far.

Notably, the fundamental discovery and study of neutrino oscillations has revealed new frontiers that may go far beyond the Standard Model.

The 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics was awarded to 7 leaders who studied neutrino oscillations and 5 research teams led by them.

Among them, there is Professor Wang of the Huaguo Institute of High Energy and the Huaguo Daya Bay neutrino experiment team led by him.

But this does not mean that the study of neutrino oscillations has nothing to discover.

On the contrary, research on neutrino oscillation related topics has just started.

Among the topics related to neutrino oscillation, it is also recognized by high-energy physics research scholars. The next Nobel Prize-winning work will likely be the discovery of neutrino CP violation.

And in neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments, it may be the first confirmation that neutrinos are Majorana neutrinos, or Majorana neutrinos.

But in fact, in these two general directions, there are still many problems that need to be solved urgently.

Although the phenomenon of neutrino oscillation has been discovered, the sign of Δm32 cannot be given due to atmospheric neutrino experiments.

Therefore, the mass order of m3 and m2 is not clear.

Likewise, the sign of Δm31 cannot currently be measured experimentally.

In other words, it is impossible to determine the quality level of neutrinos.

And this problem of the mass sequence of neutrinos is the first problem that must be solved in order to continue the research on neutrino oscillation related topics.

After that, the CP destruction effect of neutrinos and neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.

The CP violation will lead to different oscillation probabilities of neutrinos and neutrinos, which is probably related to the "mystery of the disappearance of antimatter" in the origin of the universe.

What the mass order affects is the oscillation probability, a measure of CP violation.

And also determined the prospects for neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments.

In addition, there is also the problem of the absolute mass of neutrinos, which is the experiment Chen Zhou participated in at CERN to search for heavy neutrinos.

At present, only the upper limit of neutrino mass is given experimentally, but the mass of neutrino cannot be accurately determined.

Although with the improvement of experimental measurement accuracy, the upper limit of the absolute mass of neutrinos will be further lowered.

However, only when heavy neutrinos are actually found can the mass of neutrinos be determined in an objective way.

This is also one of the core points of Chen Zhou's current neutrino oscillation-related topics.

The reason why it is said to be one is that Chen Zhou is not limited to the search for heavy neutrinos.

Since the field of neutrino research, there are still so many unsolved problems.

Even the study of neutrinos is likely to reveal the mysteries of the universe.

Naturally, Chen Zhou would not let it go, this new physics hidden behind neutrinos.

In fact, if we go bigger, the research on neutrino oscillation-related topics is indeed more exciting.

The issue of the weight of the three neutrinos with different mass states will help to determine the unified way of the grand unified force at the beginning of the Big Bang.

The oscillation of neutrinos may help to understand why matter and antimatter in the universe are asymmetrical.

And whether the so-called fourth kind of inert neutrinos will exist, it is very likely to answer the mystery of dark matter.

how about it?
Does it sound awesome?
That's right, it's the same with Chen Zhou, that's how he got into it at first.

Then, I was trapped for such a long time by the related topics of neutrino oscillation.

As time passed, both Chen Zhou and Yang Yiyi were immersed in their own research state.

The draft paper that was moved to Chen Xiao's room before was also moved back by Chen Zhou.

And added a new thickness.

“中微子振荡的规律，是由6个参数决定的，包括3个中微子混合角θ12、θ23、θ13，2个质量平方差Δm21、Δm32，以及1个电荷宇称相位角δ……”

“在这6个参数中，太阳中微子振荡实验确定了其中的一组参数，sin2θ12≈0.86，Δm21≈7.5×10^-5eV……”

“大气中微子振荡实验确定了另一组参数，sin2θ23≈1，Δm32≈2.5×10^-3eV……”

“而大亚湾实验以超过5倍标准偏差的置信水平，精确测量了中微子参数θ13的大小，sinθ13=0.092±0.016（stat.）±0.005（stat.）……”

"Six neutrino oscillation parameters, five of which have been measured, only the CP destruction angle δ is unknown..."

"However, because the solar neutrino oscillation has a matter effect, it can be determined that the neutrino mass eigenstate m2 is heavier than m1..."

"But the atmospheric neutrino experiment cannot give the sign of Δm32, that is, it is not clear which is heavier, m3 or m2..."

Chen Zhou recalled the contents of the previous documents.

This is also all the results achieved so far in the field of neutrino research
And this is just the problem of the neutrino mass sequence.

It is also a problem that Chen Zhou is currently trying his best to break through.

After thinking for a while, Chen Zhou picked up the pen and began to write on the draft paper.

In fact, the neutrino oscillation experiment, which is expected to measure the charge-parity breaking phase of neutrinos and neutrino mass ordering, is already under planning.

The experimental plan is also summed up from the existing experience, including research on anti-electron neutrino oscillations in reactors, the Jiangmen neutrino experiment in Huaguo and the RENO-50 experiment in South Korea.

There are the Hyper-K experiment in Japan and the DUNE experiment in the United States that study neutrino oscillations in accelerators, the INO experiment in India that studies atmospheric neutrino oscillations, the KM3NeT/ORCA experiment in Europe, and the PINGU experiment in the United States.

However, the time required for these experiments is still very long.

Ideally, experimental research in this area will be completed within the next five to 20 years.

This is also one of the reasons why Chen Zhou will continue to conduct research on neutrino oscillation-related topics after returning to China.

He wants to try to break through these neutrino oscillation-related topics from the theoretical level.

Then verify the theory experimentally.

Even my own subject group can't find what is in the theory.

That could also give some inspiration to these planned experiments.

The time came to noon in a blink of an eye.

Yang Yiyi tilted her head slightly, glanced at Chen Zhou, and was about to call him to have lunch.

However, after seeing Chen Zhou's concentration, Yang Yiyi didn't have the heart to interrupt him.

After thinking about it, as before, Yang Yiyi went to the restaurant to eat by herself.

By the way, I bought a rice bowl for Chen Zhou.

When Yang Yiyi returned to the dormitory again, Chen Zhou had already put down his pen and was frowning in thought.

Hearing the sound of the door opening, Chen Zhou subconsciously turned his head and took a look.

Seeing that it was Yang Yiyi, his brows instantly relaxed, and he said with a smile: "Why don't you call me for dinner?"

Yang Yiyi replied with a light smile: "I'm afraid to interrupt your train of thought, if it delays our great scientist, it will be troublesome."

Chen Zhou stood up, smiled and stretched out his hand to rub Yang Yiyi's head: "Now you are starting to tease me too."

"I didn't..." Yang Yiyi stuck out her tongue playfully.

Chen Zhou reached out to take the rice bowl, walked out of the room, and sat down at the dining table in the living room.

Opening the lunch box, Chen Zhou glanced at it, and immediately turned around and said, "Yiyi, I didn't expect you to remember that I like to eat fish-flavored shredded pork with rice..."

Yang Yiyi also walked to the dining table and sat down: "Hey, eat quickly."

Chen Zhou nodded and quickly wiped out the food in front of him.

"Eat slowly, and no one will grab you." Yang Yiyi looked at Chen Zhou tenderly.

After eating, Chen Zhou hiccupped in a rather unimpressive manner.

Immediately, Yang Yiyi burst into laughter: "Are you too full?"

Chen Zhou wiped his mouth, but said: "Why, I'm not full yet."

Yang Yiyi stopped laughing, and looked at Chen Zhou suspiciously: "Aren't you full? Then your hiccups are too fake, right?"

Chen Zhou met Yang Yiyi's gaze, and blinked at her: "I'm full, but..."

In an instant, Yang Yiyi understood what Chen Zhou meant, and a blush appeared on her pretty face.

"Ahem, there's nothing in shape..." Yang Yiyi got up and began to pack the lunch boxes that Chen Zhou had finished eating, and then said, "Okay, when you're full, take a break, and then hurry up and start your research!"

"Hey, what's the so-called full warm thinking..." Chen Zhou said with a smile.

"Hmph!" Yang Yiyi snorted softly, but didn't say anything more.

Of course, Chen Zhou was just talking about it.

After resting for a while, he and Yang Yiyi sat down at the desk again.

There are still some materials that Yang Yiyi needs to sort out.

And Chen Zhou's research on neutrino oscillation-related topics is still going on.

It is getting closer and closer to the end of Chen Zhou's holiday for the research team.

Chen Zhou has not yet made a breakthrough in theoretical research on neutrino oscillation related topics.

To be honest, he is still quite depressed at the moment.

"From the current experimental results announced at the Neutrino Conference and the International Conference on High Energy Physics, the charge-parity conservation of neutrinos is ruled out at least 2 times the standard deviation..."

"The mass of neutrinos is within the range of 1 standard deviation, and they tend to be sorted normally, that is, m3 is heavier than m2, and m2 is heavier than m1..."

Chen Zhou changed his mind and planned to deduce the theoretical content from the known experimental results combined with the greatest possibility.

This is also the second time Chen Zhou has done this.

Earlier when Yang Yiyi saw Chen Zhou frowning, it was because the result of the first attempt was not satisfactory.

The whole afternoon did not bring Chen Zhou the desired result.

He ran into trouble again, going from the probability of neutrino oscillations to the further problem of ordering masses.

To be precise, it's not just the mass order of neutrinos that causes trouble.

This is the trouble involved in the whole subject related to neutrino oscillation.

"Come back tomorrow, go out with Yiyi for a walk at night, she will leave tomorrow..."

Thinking like this, Chen Zhou put down his pen and sorted the draft paper together.

At this time, Yang Yiyi had already sorted out all her research materials.

She did not encounter difficult problems like Chen Zhou did.

According to the scheduled plan, she completed the LIGO research project, which required the materials prepared in advance.

After tidying up the draft paper, Chen Zhou turned his head and looked at Yang Yiyi with a smile, and said, "Yiyi, shall we go out for a stroll at night?"

"Okay." Yang Yiyi responded, and the two were ready to go out.

However, before reaching the door, Chen Zhou's cell phone rang.

The caller ID is [Chen Haining].

When Chen Zhou pressed the answer button, he heard Chen Haining's voice: "Brother Chen, I'm going to Yanjing tomorrow. The matter of helping you apply for a patent is almost done, and you need to show your face at the end."

Chen Zhou didn't react for a while: "Show your face?"

Chen Haining explained: "It's just to confirm the patent application in person. Brother Chen, you are an academic bigwig after all. It's a bit awesome to say that showing your face, hehe..."

Chen Zhou's head was full of black lines, he thought what was he going to do.

"Okay, you'll be here tomorrow, tell me about it." Chen Zhou replied.

In fact, Chen Zhou is still somewhat interested in patent applications.

Just take advantage of tomorrow to learn about this matter with Chen Haining.

On the phone with Chen Haining, we discussed the time and place again.

Chen Zhou hung up the phone.

"Haining is coming tomorrow?"

Yang Yiyi naturally heard the voice on the phone.

"Well, Haining will come over tomorrow and help me finalize the patent application..."

Chen Zhou briefly told Yang Yiyi about the content of the phone call.

After Chen Zhou finished speaking, Yang Yiyi said: "Then we can have a small gathering tomorrow, and we haven't seen Haining for a long time..."

"Well, just after we get together, I'll take you to the airport..." Chen Zhou nodded in agreement.

Immediately, Chen Zhou and Yang Yiyi went out and went straight to the most prosperous shopping mall in Yanjing.

What Chen Zhou didn't expect was...

On the way, his phone rang again...

　Thanks to book friend cwjxqb for rewarding 500 starting coins!
　　Thanks to book friend Yan Hongxue for the 100 starting coins!
　　Thank you book friend Liu Ye Wentian for the 1500 starting coins!
　　
　
(End of this chapter)