Video Clip: Top 10 Women in Power

Sun Bin and Pang Juan learned the art of war from Guiguzi.

Pang Juan thought he had learned enough, so he asked to go down the mountain to seek fame.

Before leaving, he told Sun Bin that once he was reused, he would invite Sun Bin to share the glory.

Sun Bin stayed with his teacher to continue studying. Guiguzi saw that he was simple and hardworking, so he taught him all the "Sun Tzu's Art of War" that he had kept privately.

After Pang Juan was reused in Wei State of Shanxi, he did not fulfill his promise to invite Sun Bin to come down the mountain.

Later, King Wei Hui heard that Pang Juan's classmate Sun Bin was very talented, so he asked Pang Juan to write a letter to invite him, and Pang Juan had to do so.

After receiving Pang Juan's letter, Sun Bin happily bid farewell to his master and came to Wei State.

Pang Juan discovered that Sun Bin knew more about the art of war than he did, and he felt jealous, so he designed to frame Sun Bin.King Wei listened to Pang Juan's slander and wanted to execute Sun Bin.

In order to deceive Sun Bin from the art of war he had learned, Pang Juan pretended to plead with the king of Wei and changed the death penalty into a scolding, that is, cutting off Sun Bin's feet and making him a cripple.

Pang Juan imprisoned Sun Bin in a secret place, showed his hospitality to Sun Bin, and took the opportunity to ask Sun Bin for "Sun Tzu's Art of War".

Sun Bin didn't know that all of this was Pang Juan's treacherous trick, and he regarded him as a confidant classmate. In order to repay Pang Juan's kindness in pleading for his life, Sun Bin agreed to recite it and write it on a wooden slip.

Sun Bin endured pain and desperately copied every day.

Arousing the sympathy of the boy servant Pang Juan sent to serve him, he told Sun Bin the truth.

Sun Bin suddenly realized that he destroyed the few military books he had just written, and quickly came up with a plan to get out. He began to pretend to be crazy.Crying and laughing non-stop, making all kinds of silly looks.

Pang Juan suspected that he was pretending to be crazy, and asked someone to throw him into the cesspit of the toilet. Sun Bin grabbed the excrement in the toilet and ate it.

Pang Juan asked people to offer wine and meat again, but Sun Bin knocked the food to the ground and cursed, "You want to poison me to death!" Pang Juan believed that Sun Bin was really crazy.

Later, King Wei of Qi sent Chunyu Kun, a debater, to the state of Wei to interrogate King Hui of Wei, tried to find Sun Bin, and secretly transported him back to the state of Qi.

After Sun Bin arrived in Qi State, he soon got acquainted with Tian Ji, the general of Qi State.

At that time, Tian Ji often raced horses with King Qi Wei.They divided their horses into three classes: top, middle, and bottom.

During the competition, because King Qiwei's horses in each class were much stronger than Tian Ji's horses, Tian Ji always lost after several competitions.Sun Bin suggested to Tian Ji, "I have a way to make you win King Qi Wei."

So Tian Ji and King Qi Wei started a new game with a bet of 1000 taels of gold.Sun Bin adjusted the order of the three classes of horses. In the first round, Tian Ji's inferior horses were aligned with King Wei's superior horses. Tian Ji must have lost.But in the second round, Tian Ji's high-quality horse aligned with King Wei's middle-level horse, and Tian Ji won.

In the third round, Tian Ji's middle horse Qi Weiwang's inferior horse won this round again. The result of the game was two out of three rounds, and Tian Ji finally won Qi Wei King.King Qi Wei curiously asked Tian Ji who he had figured out?Tian Ji took this opportunity to recommend Sun Bin to King Qi Wei.

After listening to Sun Bin's art of war, King Qi Wei appreciated his talent very much, and appointed Sun Bin as the military adviser of Qi State, and Sun Bin began his brilliant military career.

In 354 BC, General Pang Juan of the State of Wei led 8 elite troops to attack the State of Zhao and surrounded Handan, the capital of the State of Zhao.

Zhao Guo fought hard for a year, and it seemed that he could not hold on anymore, so he hurriedly asked his ally Qi for help.Therefore, King Wei of Qi appointed Tian Ji as the general and Sun Bin as the military adviser, and led 8 troops to rescue Zhao.

Tian Ji adopted Sun Bin's tactics of "encircling Wei and saving Zhao", and sent his troops straight to Pingling, the military center of Wei State, Dingtao, Shandong.

At the beginning, Sun Bin was not resolute in his attack on Pingling. It was not until Pang Juan occupied Handan and lost his army that he was in urgent need of rest. Sun Bin commanded the Qi army to attack the beam northwest of Kaifeng City, Henan Province, the capital of Wei State, forcing King Hui of Wei to order Pang Juan to command Pang Juan immediately. The soldiers returned to rescue.

After Pang Juan received the order, he had to abandon Handan, abandoned his luggage, and returned to the army day and night.Sun Bin judged that Pang Juan's troops must pass through Guiling in the northwest of Changyuan, Henan, and immediately led the main force of the Qi army northward, setting up an ambush at Guiling.

When the Wei army traveled a long distance to Guiling, the Qi army who was waiting for work suddenly attacked and defeated the Wei army. Pang Juan fled back to Wei alone.

In 342 BC, Pang Juan, who had regrouped, led an army of 10 and aggressively attacked South Korea in Henan.

South Korea asked Qi for help.King Qi Wei adopted Sun Bin's strategy and sent Sun Bin to lead troops to attack Daliang, the capital of Wei State, again.

When Pang Juan rushed back to Wei State day and night, and wanted to fight Sun Bin's main force, Sun Bin avoided his edge and lured the enemy to go deeper by increasing troops and reducing stoves.

Pang Juan waved his master to catch up closely.On the first day, there were cooking stoves for 10 people in the Qi army camp; on the second day, there were 5 stoves left; on the third day, only 3 people were left.Pang Juan thought that the Qi army was timid and timid, so he ordered his cavalry to advance lightly and chase and wipe out the Qi army.

Sun Bin set up an ambush on Maling Road, Shen County, Shandong Province. He issued an order: Cut down trees on the spot to block the path; pick another big tree beside the road, scrape off a section of bark, and write on the trunk: "Pang Juan is dead!" Under this tree!" in big characters.

In the evening, the cavalry of the Wei Army led by Pang Juan really came to Maling Road.Hearing that the road ahead was blocked by trees, Pang Juan stepped forward to check it out.In a haze, he saw a big tree beside the road with words vaguely written on the white stubble, so he ordered someone to light a torch.

When Pang Juan saw the line of writing on the tree, he was shocked, knowing that he had fallen for Sun Bin's scheme.He hurriedly ordered Wei Jun to retreat, but it was too late.The Qi army ambushed in the mountains and forests fired all arrows, and the Wei army who was caught off guard suffered countless casualties.

Pang Juan was seriously injured, drew his sword and committed suicide.Sun Bin's battle not only avenged his old revenge, but also made him famous.

Sun Bin and Tian Ji won many battles, which aroused the jealousy of Zou Ji, then Prime Minister of Qi State.Zou Ji was a famous handsome man in ancient times, but he was narrow-minded. He felt that his official position was threatened by Tian Ji and Sun Bin, so he planned to get rid of them.

King Wei of Qi was suspicious of Tian Ji's holding a large army. After hearing Zou Ji's words, he believed that Tian Ji had the intention of rebellion.So King Wei of Qi sent an envoy to order Tian Ji, who was away with his troops, to return to Linzi, Shandong, where he was going to interrogate Tian Ji.

Tian Ji helped Sun Bin in his most difficult time, and the two had cooperated very well for a long time. Sun Bin couldn't bear Tian Ji to throw himself into the trap, so he reminded Tian Ji that the king of Qi must have listened to Zou Ji's frame, and he must not act rashly Back to Linzi.In desperation, he suggested that Tian Ji lead his army back to Linzi "on the side of the Qing emperor" to expel Zou Ji.

Tian Ji had long admired Sun Bin so much that he obeyed him.

According to Sun Bin's words, he led his troops to attack Linzi.But Zou Ji was not just waiting around, he had already made preparations to defend the city, and Tian Ji was unable to attack the city. Seeing rescue troops from all over the country rushing in, he had no choice but to abandon his army and flee to Chu State in Hubei.

Sun Bin should have retired after success.After living in seclusion, he died of illness or died without a disease.

Where did Sun Bin go after the Battle of Maling?

Some legends say that he lived in seclusion in Qingzhou.Some say that he fled to Chu State together with Tian Ji.

As an old partner who has cooperated with each other and fought bloody battles together for more than ten years, as a pair of refugees who have been deprived of military power and depend on each other for life and death, the two will definitely discuss the way out together when life and death are at stake.

It is absolutely impossible for Tian Ji to abandon Sun Bin and escape alone.

Sun Bin will also follow Tian Ji.According to the historical book "Warring States Policy · Qi Yi · Tian Ji's death in Qi and the Chu Chapter" records: "Tian Ji and his party came to Chu State".It is clearly recorded that Tian Ji and his party were forced to go into exile in Chu State.

Among Tian Ji's group who fled to Chu State, is there Sun Bin?There may be two situations.One is that Sun Bin was among the group and came directly to the state of Chu.The second situation is that there is no Sun Bin in the group.It is possible that Tian Ji considered that Sun Bin's legs were disabled, it was difficult for him to walk, and it was difficult for him to escape for a long distance.

In addition, Tian Ji's escape was uncertain at that time, and it was unknown whether he could find a place to stay.

Tian Ji may first find a safe place nearby for Sun Bin and live in seclusion.After Tian Ji has a safe place to live and live, he will pick up Sun Bin.

When Tian Ji and his party went to Chu, King Xuan of Chu accepted Du He's suggestion and granted Tian Ji the land in the south of the Yangtze River.Therefore, we can say that no matter what the situation is, whether it is direct or indirect, Sun Bin must have arrived in the south of the Yangtze River.

The tomb of Sun Bin is in Zhenjiang, which strongly proves this judgment.Sun Bin lived in Jiangnan for the rest of his life.

Du He's proposal actually obtained the consent of King Qi Wei in advance. When Tian Ji and Sun Bin fled, Du He happened to be in Qi State.

King Qi Wei knew in his heart that there was no direct evidence of Tian Ji and Sun Bin's rebellion, and it was unclear.Treating these two well-known figures who have just made illustrious military exploits for the state of Qi and themselves, we cannot kill them all.

King Wei of Qi was afraid that Tian Ji would take advantage of the power of Chu State to return to Qi State.Therefore, after discussing with Du He, let Chu State grant Tian Ji a piece of land in the south of the Yangtze River far away from Qi State, which is tantamount to exiling Tian Ji, Sun Bin and others.King Xuan of Chu didn't want to offend Qi State, so he accepted Du He's suggestion brought back from Qi State.

Jiangnan has a vast territory.

Where is the land in the south of the Yangtze River obtained by Tian Ji and Sun Bin?

Sun Bin's tomb is in Zhenjiang, so is it possible that Tian Ji and Sun Bin's fief was in the Zhenjiang area?

Earlier, a major event happened in Qi State. Qi Xiangqingfeng monopolized the power in Qi State. The Qingfeng family was very powerful in Qi State. The Qingfeng family had conflicts with other families and killed each other. Qingfeng failed and was forced to flee to Wu State. .The state of Wu enfeoffed Zhufang County to Qingfeng, making it "rich in Qi".

Because of this precedent, King Qi Wei or Du He would naturally think of this idea.

At the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Dangtu, Jiangning, Dantu, Danyang and other places on the south side of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were called Zhufang.

Zhu Fang originally belonged to the state of Chu, and later Wu rose and became the land of Wu.

After Yue destroyed Wu, it became the land of Yue State.

After 412 B.C., civil strife occurred in Yue State, the state power was greatly weakened, and the territorial area continued to shrink.

On the contrary, the state of Chu became stronger and stronger, and continued to expand outwards. By 334 BC, the state of Chu basically wiped out the state of Yue. King Wujiang of Yue was killed. .

When the state of Chu expands outward, it is likely that the land that originally belonged to the state of Chu will be seized first.When Tian Ji and his party came to Chu State in 343 BC, Yue State was on the verge of extinction, and Zhu Fang and other places were very likely to belong to Chu State again.

In 319 BC, the political situation of Qi State changed.King Qi Xuan has succeeded to the throne.

Zou Ji, a political opponent who was at odds with Tian Ji, died of illness, and Tian Ying, another political opponent, resigned shortly after succeeding Zou Ji.

The unjust cases of Tian Ji and Sun Bin were vindicated.Tian Ji returned to Qi State and resumed his duties.Tian Ji lived in the south of the Yangtze River for about 24 years from the time he fled to Chu State to when he returned to Qi State.Did Sun Bin return to Qi with Tian Ji?
[-]. Tian Ji's foundation is in Qi State, but Sun Bin has no foundation in Qi State.

[-]. Although Tian Ji returned to Qi State to restore his reputation and resume his position, he was not reused.It's nothing more than a decent end-of-life pension.Sun Bin would not be able to play much role if he returned to Qi.

[-]. According to genealogical records, Sun Bin had a son named Guofu who was a famous general of Qin Dynasty.

20. Sun Bin has a grandson named Gai and named Guangdao.He was the prefect of Qin and Hanzhong.It shows that Sun Bin has a family.If Sun Bin went to the south of the Yangtze River and married a wife and had children after his life was stable, then after more than [-] years, when Tian Ji returned to Qi, Sun Bin's grandson might have been born.

[-]. Sun Bin chose a famous place for his son, named Guofu.Probably pinning his hopes on his son, hoping that his son will be brave and good at fighting when he grows up, and he will win every battle and help the country.He named his grandson Gai and the word Guangdao.

Fourth, I hope that my grandson's martial arts will surpass the world, and his morals will be noble and bright.Judging from the positions of the children and grandchildren, they have all received a good education from Sun Bin, and they have lived up to Sun Bin's hopes.

Sun Bin has a family in the south of the Yangtze River, and under the care of the King of Chu, the family property is not bad.When Tian Ji returned to China, Sun Bin was about 58 years old.As a disabled person who is entering old age, he is not willing to move and emigrate to another country.

34. Sun Bin worked leisurely in the south of the Yangtze River for the second half of his life.When Sun Bin arrived in Jiangnan, he was about [-] years old, and he was in the prime of life full of energy and quick thinking.Through theoretical study in Guigu and actual combat practice in Qi State, Sun Bin was already very mature at that time.

Sixth, so as to have the conditions to further sort out, study, and delve into "Sun Tzu's Art of War", and summarize the practical experience of other countries and oneself during the Warring States period, and create an immortal military book "Sun Bin's Art of War".

But Fan Li is different.

The long river of Chinese history is vast and colorful, and the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, which lasted for more than 500 years, was a period of turbulent winds and clouds and the emergence of outstanding talents.Among those dazzling stars, only one person has the most perfect and successful life.

He worked in politics for the first half of his life, and assisted a country on the verge of extinction to become one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Officials are regarded as role models;
He resigned from office and went into business for three times to become rich in the world. He was honored as the "sage of merchants" by businessmen of all dynasties.Later generations praised it: "loyalty is for the country; wisdom is for self-protection; business is for getting rich and becoming famous all over the world".

In 536 B.C., Fan Li was born in Sanhu Township, Wandi, Chu State. Although he came from a poor background, he was smart and wise since he was a child.

It is a pity that the politics of Chu State was dark at that time, and officials were selected, and non-nobles were not allowed to be officials.Fan Li was unable to display his talent, and after getting acquainted with famous scholars in Chu State, he discussed to leave Chu State and join other talents to realize his political ambitions.

After Fan Li and Wen Zhong came to the Yue Kingdom, they were highly valued by the King of Yue, and Gou Jian appointed Fan Li as a doctor.After Gou Jian wanted to lead his troops to attack the state of Wu and was defeated, Gou Jian was very desperate. He felt that he had no chance to stand up again, and even wanted to commit suicide.

But Fan Li told Goujian that when no one in this world can help you, under any circumstances, you must endure, tolerate, give up, and suffer. Only in this way can you save yourself.What's more, there are loyal and capable people like us in the Yue Kingdom.

From that moment on, what flashed in Gou Jian's eyes was not only gratitude and admiration, but also anger waiting for revenge.

Gou Jian followed Fan Li's advice and endured the humiliation to seek peace from the state of Wu, but he himself became a hostage and entered the state of Wu as a servant.And Fan Li entered Wu with Gou Jian, endured hardships by Gou Jian's side, and also made plans for the later restoration of the country.

A person with great ambition, no matter how difficult the situation is, will always "be patient and persevere, so that he will be strong"; being with people with great ambitions, being encouraged by them, the weak will not be discouraged.

It can be said that if there is no Fan Li, there will be no Goujian, the king of Yue who later became famous in history.

Fu Chai, king of Wu, knew that Fan Li was a great talent. He persuaded Fan Li several times to leave Goujian and bestow him with a noble title, but Fan Li was never moved.During the three years of being a slave, Fan Li and Gou Jian worked together to farm and work, eating coarse food and sleeping on wages, and never forgetting the difference between him and Gou Jian's monarchs and ministers. Envious again.

After working as a groom for King Wu for two years, Gou Jian was finally able to return home.

Afterwards, Fan Li suggested that Goujian focus on the economy first, and then be close to the people and stabilize the society.

In order to improve military power, Fan Li rebuilt the capital city.In the process of building the city, Fan Li built two cities, a small city and a big city.The small city was built to show the country of Wu, while the big city was built incompletely, facing the direction of the country of Wu, without building walls.This confuses Fucha.

Pay attention to army training, improve morale, increase combat effectiveness, organize death squads, and reward with the highest amount.

In order to further confuse Fu Chai, Fan Li played to his liking and sent someone to give him his favorite things to please Fu Chai.He also presented beauties to Fu Chai to kill Fu Chai's will.

After decades of preparation, when the time came for the King of Yue to restore his country, he succeeded in destroying the country of Wu, washing away the humiliation of Kuaiji, and finally became the overlord of one side.

After the state of Wu was completely destroyed, Goujian held a celebration banquet and awarded the meritorious officials.

At this time, Fan Li was not dazzled by the huge achievements, but calmly analyzed the situation: Wu, which can pose a threat to Yue, has perished, and the other princes are either far away, or the surrounding small countries are very powerful. Weak, it does not constitute a threat to the country of Yue at all.

That is to say, the world is already peaceful. At this time, it is very dangerous to be a master of merit, and it is easy to make the king feel threatened. Coupled with years of getting along with each other, Fan Li discovered that Goujian is a person who can share adversity and cannot share wealth. Being the best, a big tree is bound to attract the wind.

After helping Goujian restore the country, Fan Li retired from the world. Instead of taking advantage of his political status, he chose a businessman with a low social status at that time as his identity for the rest of his life.

Fan Li, who arrived in Qi State, bought some land near the sea, cultivated it, and concurrently engaged in fishing and salt fields.Fan Li and his wife and children went to the fields together, wore common clothes and ate rough food.Fan Li was very generous and friendly to the hired workers. When the production was reduced in a disaster year, he would reduce or exempt the land rent. At the same time, he opened a porridge shop to help the victims.

At the beginning of the year, he signed commodity purchase contracts with some farmers and merchants. At the end of the year, if the commodity prices rose, Fan Li would purchase them at the current market price. Farmers are also willing to work for Fan Li.

In terms of commodity sales, Fan Li adopted the method of small profits but quick turnover. In the process of monopolizing commodities, he let others earn more, and he accumulated a lot of money over time, and he had a large number of high-quality and stable partners.

As Fan Li's reputation grew, he was praised by the people of Qi, and he was recognized by the king of Qi for his talent, so he was invited to be the prime minister to assist the king in governing the country.

Three years later, the state of Qi became rich and the people were strong, and the common people worshiped Fan Li as a god, and both the government and the opposition were full of praises for virtue.

Fan Li understood that it was not easy to be promoted from a commoner to the high position of prime minister, but it was auspicious to be in a high position and receive a prestigious name for a long time. His wife and children left Qi State and moved to Dingtao.

In this place where he lives "in the middle of the world" and does business, he "practices planning and planning" to manage property. Within a few years, Fan Li became rich again through business accumulation, so he named himself Tao Zhugong, and the local people all respected Tao. Zhu Gong is the God of Wealth and the originator of Confucian businessmen in my country's moral business.

Throughout Fan Li's life, he became an official twice, and became richer than a thousand gold three times.

When he was in politics, Fan Li practiced the loyalty of a courtier, and when he was in business, he fulfilled the conscience of a businessman.Fan Lizhen can be said to be a wise man with a broad mind and compassion for the world.

In the rare years of his life, his family was wealthy and full of children and grandchildren, and he died of no illness at the age of 88.