Chongzhen Wiretapping System

Chapter 459 The Flourishing Development of Technology

"Wailang Song Yingxing, a member of the Xuankaiwu Department, is here!" Wang Chengen pointed at Sang Zi and shouted, and then he spread the word loudly.

When many civil and military officials heard this, they thought that it was related to Song Yingxing, so what did he do?

Out of curiosity, almost all the officials turned around to varying degrees and looked back.

After a while, Song Yingxing was seen walking in the front, followed by a team of servants, who either held or carried things up.

Almost all civil and military officials, even those Jin Yiwei and others took a closer look, and were immediately dumbfounded: Where did so many crystals come from?
That's right, the things in the hands of these servants are very transparent, like crystal.

However, just as they were thinking this way, they heard Song Yingxing play loudly to Emperor Chongzhen: "My minister has been entrusted by His Majesty, and now I can finally produce colorless glass with different shapes and shapes. Please show me your Majesty!"

When Chongzhen met Emperor Chongzhen for the first time in 12 years, the emperor told him to burn the glass and provided many ideas. As a result, it was not until the beginning of Chongzhen 16 that it was considered a success.The most important thing is that this is still using the power of the imperial court, mobilizing the best craftsmen in the Ming Dynasty, working together to solve problems encountered, and finally handing over this answer sheet.

Song Yingxing was not very happy about this, because he knew from the emperor that Xiyi had been able to make glass a long time ago, but Daming has only made it now, so what can he be proud of!
At this time, although Emperor Chongzhen knew about it, he still looked intently, and saw that the glass that Song Yingxing asked to place in front of the imperial court had various shapes, some were hollow, some were solid, some were tubular, and some were flat...

Among them, there are glassware specially requested by Emperor Chongzhen for chemical experiments, and Song Yingxing fired them all.In addition, flat glass is actually relatively difficult, and now Song Yingxing has also burned it out, not bad, not bad!

Emperor Chongzhen praised repeatedly in his heart, very happy.

In this way, I believe that in chemistry, there will be a leapfrog development.

The glass industry is not only widely used in daily life, but also very helpful to chemistry.Before the Ming Dynasty, glass could not be fired because it was difficult to pass the test of being transparent and colorless.In other respects, Daming already has a solid foundation.

Among them, Yanshen Town in Shandong Province is an important place of origin of the ancient glass industry in the Ming Dynasty. Glass products such as bead-through lamp screens, chess games, tent hooks, and pillow tops are not only unique in style, but also pure in color, and various colors can be produced according to needs. , but it is not colorless and transparent.During this period, die-casting and compression-molding technology was also available, and blowing technology was also in use.

All in all, Daming's glass industry is almost colorless and transparent.Therefore, although Daming's glasses and binoculars can already be made, their raw materials are still made of crystal.

At this time, Emperor Chongzhen was so excited that he even stepped down from the throne and approached these glass products. He did not need Song Yingxing to introduce them, and he happily introduced them to the civil and military officials.

"See, this can be used for windows and roofs, so that the house is bright!"

"Don't underestimate this piece. It can look far when combined. That's right, it's a telescope. In addition, it can also be used as myopia glasses. It's good news for my Ming scholars!"

"There is also this one. There is a standard scale on it. Well, it is stipulated by me. In the future, the unit of measurement will be unified. More experiments will make it more accurate. This will be of great help to my Ming Dynasty in many aspects..."

"..."

Emperor Chongzhen was overjoyed, and immediately began to talk endlessly. Derived from the basic application of glass, including telescopes, magnifying glasses, and the production principles of glasses, etc., the entire morning dynasty became his home field alone. , just watched him show.

At this point in time in the late Ming Dynasty, it happened to be in an era of half-understanding of these knowledge.Those missionaries from the western barbarians brought the knowledge from the West, and many scholar-bureaucrats in the Ming Dynasty learned it, such as Xu Guangqi and others.

Many of these things in the West are even shrouded in mystery.For example, there are rumors that these Westerners have a golden touch and can turn mercury into silver.Matteo Ricci recorded that a father and son in Zhaoqing believed in this and joined Western religion in order to learn this alchemy.

Before that, Emperor Chongzhen asked Song Yingxing and Chen Zilong to explain similar knowledge when they were teaching the prince, and they also had a certain impression among the scholar-officials in Daming.

Emperor Chongzhen's narration, if people who don't understand listen to it, they will hear it in a fog, and if they don't understand it at all, they don't know what level these knowledge are at all; In high school, you can basically know it, so it's nothing; but those who have some basics but don't understand it, it will appear advanced.

All of a sudden, these civil servants and military generals in Ming Dynasty had an impression that the emperor's knowledge is really very profound!

At the same time, many people's eyes were fixed on the pieces of glassware. Their other abilities may be mediocre, but their sense of making money is undeniable.

Not to mention anything else, just to solve the problem that scholars cannot see clearly, no matter how much it costs, as long as they have money, they will buy it.And do scholars have money?Most scholars are definitely rich!

Also, if the windows and roof tiles were replaced with this kind of flat glass, wouldn't the so-called bright and clean windows be what everyone is pursuing?When the light is good, the mood of reading will be good.If your family has some money, who would think this thing is expensive?

……

So, after Emperor Chongzhen finally finished speaking, many civil servants and generals began to ask the emperor, what would happen to this glass?

Since Emperor Chongzhen took it out, of course he had planned it long ago.It was immediately announced that state-owned glass factories would be set up in the two capitals and thirteen provinces of the Ming Dynasty. The court and the royal family would invest in technology, accounting for 50.00% of the shares, and the remaining 40.00% would be put up for auction.Well, it is an auction one by one.In this way, more people can participate.Of course, Emperor Chongzhen did not renege on his promise to Song Yingxing's shares before, and announced it in public.

This time, everyone looked at Song Yingxing, their eyes were all red.

This glass is definitely a cornucopia, and the share auction, with Daming's wealth, is definitely a sky-high price.Song Yingxing owns [-]% of the shares, so how much money he can get in that year is simply unimaginable!
This point, even at the end of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, glass was money, which was the consensus of everyone.

In the original history, in April of the 30th year of Guangxu, Boshan Glass Co., Ltd. published a "prospectus" in Shanghai's "China and Foreign Daily" to solicit equity capital.According to Zhang Weiyong, an expert on literature and history in Boshan District, its stocks are divided into five classes. 1000 taels, and 500 taels of treasury silver per share for the fifth class.Refer to the bank deposit interest example, the interest is calculated at 100%, and the year-end settlement is made.The profit is divided into 50%, [-]% goes to the government, [-]% is used as a provident fund, [-]% is used for expanding reproduction, and [-]% is used as a "bonus".

However, this Boshan Glass Company ended up in bankruptcy, because all the technology and equipment were imported from Germany, and even the technicians were Germans. Three 600 taels.Each has a horse, a groom and a cook.If the money is spent like this, even the cornucopia is not enough. What's more, in the late Qing Dynasty, there were all kinds of disadvantages, and it would be strange if it didn't go bankrupt.

On this plane, Song Yingxing has secretly prepared for these years according to the order, and the technology and so on are only announced after he has mastered it.Being controlled by others doesn't exist.The emperor watched over and distributed the benefits to the rich from all walks of life in Ming Dynasty. Can this glass factory go bankrupt?That's a weird thing!

The reason why the two capitals and thirteen provinces have to set up a glass factory is mainly because the transportation in this era is too inconvenient.If only one glass factory is set up in the capital, more than half of the sales cost of southern glass will be related to transportation, which is not cost-effective.

According to Emperor Chongzhen's wishes, this glass product cannot be sold too expensive, at least the glassware used for chemical experiments must be at a low price, so that ordinary scholars can afford it.As for the flat glass that is mainly used as luxury goods, it is no problem to have a higher price, and this high price can even be used to amortize the cost of glassware used in chemical experiments.

As soon as Emperor Chongzhen's decree came out, all taverns, teahouses, businessmen and businessmen all over the country of Ming Dynasty were talking about this glass factory.Correspondingly, the deposits at the branches of the Daming Royal Bank in the two capitals and the thirteen provinces began to grow rapidly again.After all, it is too inconvenient to carry physical silver for the matter of auctioning shares.

In the plan of Emperor Chongzhen, although a glass factory in each province only covers the province, it is necessary to build a large glass factory. If the workers in the glass factory and related industries are paid more generously, they will be able to attract them to transfer from cotton spinning and other industries. come out.

After the establishment of the glass factory, the number of glasses craftsmen surged, and the number of scholars wearing glasses on the streets of Daming also increased.After all, glass glasses are definitely much cheaper than crystal glasses.Ordinary scholars, even if they are not rich and powerful, can afford to wear them.

The changes brought about by this glass can be said to have profoundly changed Daming.

One thing that Emperor Chongzhen did not expect was that the example of Song Yingxing made countless scholars indulge in the study of various objects, and correspondingly, it also led to the popularization of physics and chemistry.They fantasize that if they can invent a new thing that can make money like Song Yingxing, they can make money lying down.

The industry of chemistry, also known as alchemy in ancient China, originally declined slowly.However, many emperors in the Ming Dynasty had a hobby of cultivating immortals, such as the famous Emperor Jiajing, which led to the second spring of alchemy.Many chemical experiments, such as distillation and extraction of mercury, and industrial production methods such as nitric acid, were already mature in the Ming Dynasty.

But generally speaking, the West is still ahead.Even many chemical methods in Ming Dynasty were passed down by Western missionaries.However, the West has always kept the glass as a treasure, and now Song Yingxing has produced it according to Emperor Chongzhen's will, which will definitely greatly promote the development of chemistry, or alchemy, in the Ming Dynasty.

Feeling the importance of this glass, Emperor Chongzhen even sighed in his heart: If people in later generations can know, other things don't matter. You must understand the refining method of glass. What if you travel through time?This is definitely a time-traveling weapon, there is no one!

Also because of the matter of glass, Emperor Chongzhen began to pay attention to all kinds of knowledge of Daming, and immediately, he made many new discoveries.It was during the reign of Chongzhen that many Western missionaries brought over Western learning from the Ming Dynasty, from astronomy and calendar to geometry and mathematics, from human anatomy to Western learning, from ironmaking to various refining processes, etc. Summary, or incomplete, or lack of key things, but at any rate, it is a scientific and systematic introduction to knowledge.

With this discovery, Emperor Chongzhen had to put his focus on sorting out these knowledge.Relatively speaking, on Daming's side, even Song Yingxing's "Tiangong Kaiwu" lacks a systematic discussion of science and technology.In this area, Xiyi was indeed ahead of Daming.

That being the case, why can't it be used!
Emperor Chongzhen didn't have any psychological burden on this. Based on the knowledge he collected, he began to add what he knew, and made certain modifications according to the actual situation of Ming Dynasty, so that it would be easier for scholars in Ming Dynasty understand.

It has to be said that only Emperor Chongzhen in the whole world can do this job.And this job is easy to say, but it is very time-consuming to do.Therefore, apart from some necessary political affairs, Emperor Chongzhen spent most of his energy on this aspect.

As a result, the scientific and technological knowledge revised by Emperor Chongzhen immediately shocked the scholars of the Ming Dynasty.For example, a very simple thing is that since ancient times, people have always believed that the heart is the organ of thinking no matter what they think in the heart.However, the anatomy revised by Emperor Chongzhen clearly stated that the brain is the human organ for thinking.

Also, why apples don’t fall to the sky, but to the ground, is because all things have mutual forces, that is, universal gravitation, which is related to mass.Newton's laws, just announced in advance.It's a pity that Comrade Newton, who was born in January 16, cannot be famous all over the world for this.

Those Western missionaries originally wanted to get close to Emperor Chongzhen, and wanted to use these knowledge to open up a breakthrough in missionary work in Daming.However, Emperor Chongzhen was too busy, and they never had a chance. When Emperor Chongzhen did not lead his troops out to fight, they wanted to continue to get close to Emperor Chongzhen, but they suddenly saw the revised books of Emperor Chongzhen.

　Calvin yesterday...

　　
　
(End of this chapter)